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摘要:
利用水文地质钻探、同位素技术、水位统测等方法, 分析西露天矿涌水来源, 评价各来源对西露天矿涌水的补给量, 为西露天矿地质灾害评估和矿坑规划利用提供科学依据.结果表明: 西露天矿坑是区域地下水汇集区, 周边地下水向矿坑内径流.周边地区进入西露天矿的总水量为2477.8×104 m3/a, 来源主要为浑河通过北帮第四系含水层的侧向补给和大气降水补给.其中北帮浑河侧向补给的涌水量约1115.7×104 m3/a, 约占45.0%, 大气降水直接降入矿坑水量约997.8×104 m3/a, 约占40.3%.古城子河通过西露天矿西帮侧向补给矿坑的水量约177.9×104 m3/a; 地下水通过西露天矿南帮杨柏河、刘山河古河道等地段侧向径流补给的水量约186.4×104 m3/a; 东帮在东露天矿影响下接近疏干.
Abstract:Through the methods of hydrogeological drilling, isotope technology and water level measurement, the paper analyzes the sources of water inrush in the West Open-Pit Coal Mine and evaluates the water recharge from each source, which provides scientific basis for geological hazard assessment and pit planning and utilization of the mine. The results show that the west open-pit is a regional groundwater gathering area, with runoff from the surrounding groundwater. The total amount of water flowing to open-pit from surrounding areas is 2 477.8×104 m3/a, mainly from the lateral recharge of Hunhe River through the Quaternary aquifer in the north slope of the open-pit, and atmospheric precipitation recharge, among which the water inflow from Hunhe River is about 1115.7×104 m3/a, accounting for 45.0%, and the water amount of atmospheric precipitation directly falling into the mine is about 997.8×104 m3/a, taking up about 40.3%. The water supply of Guchengzi River through the west slope of the open-pit is about 177.9×104 m3/a, while that of groundwater supplied by lateral runoff from the paleochannels of Yangbai River and Liushan River in the south slope of the open-pit is about 186.4×104 m3/a. The east slope is close to draining under the influence of East Open-Pit Mine.
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Key words:
- West Open-Pit Mine /
- mine water inrush /
- isotope /
- groundwater /
- recharge /
- Liaoning Province
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表 1 西露天矿周边第四系含水层底板高程统计表
Table 1. Floor elevations of Quaternary aquifer around the West Open-Pit Mine
钻孔编号 底板高程/m 钻孔编号 底板高程/m 钻孔编号 底板高程/m 钻孔编号 底板高程/m S1 61.5 S15 69.2 Z07 57.0 Z21 74.1 S2 62.9 S16 76.9 Z08 64.7 Z22 83.8 S3 64.9 S17 62.7 Z09 54.7 Z23 94.7 S4 66.7 S18 59.7 Z10 61.7 Z24 116.0 S5 63.8 S19 57.3 Z11 66.4 Z25 81.5 S6 65.1 S20 67.9 Z12 67.6 Z26 129.3 S7 64.8 S21 77.5 Z13 66.2 Z27 110.5 S8 60.6 S22 62.9 Z14 63.5 Z28 127.6 S9 61.4 Z01 69.8 Z15 90.1 Z29 101.1 S10 67.2 Z02 67.1 Z16 79.6 Z30 108.4 S11 66.4 Z03 66.1 Z17 103.0 Z31 96.2 S12 65.6 Z04 65.6 Z18 77.8 Z32 108.9 S13 67.3 Z05 68.4 Z19 88.1 Z33 104.0 S14 64.4 Z06 64.2 Z20 75.5 Z34 108.2 
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表 2 同位素样品测试结果
Table 2. Test results of isotope samples
编号 δD/‰ δ18O/‰ 取样位置 编号 δD/‰ δ18O/‰ 取样位置 HQ01 -60 -8.0 古城子河 HQ11 -67 -9.2 地下水 HQ02 -61 -8.0 古城子河 HQ12 -65 -8.8 地下水 HQ03 -66 -9.1 浑河 HQ13 -65 -8.9 地下水 HQ04 -66 -9.0 浑河 HQ14 -66 -9.0 地下水 HQ05 -65 -9.0 浑河 HQ15 -66 -9.0 地下水 HQ06 -64 -8.8 矿坑涌水 HQ16 -66 -9.2 地下水 HQ07 -65 -8.9 矿坑涌水 HQ17 -72 -9.7 地下水 HQ08 -64 -8.7 矿坑涌水 HQ18 -63 -8.9 地下水 HQ09 -64 -8.8 矿坑涌水 HQ19 -64 -9.0 地下水 HQ10 -66 -9.2 地下水 HQ20 -65 -9.0 地下水
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表 3 西露天矿历年平均降雨量统计表
Table 3. Average rainfall of the West Open-Pit Mine over the years
年份 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 降水量/mm 1148.6 527.5 864.3 1025.6 537.7 645.5 1046.8 621.7 648.8 728.8
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表 4 西露天矿排水量统计表
Table 4. Water drainage of the West Open-Pit Mine
年份 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 年排水量/104 m3 2932.9 1870.0 2506.8 2887.0 1523.3 2105.1 2701.3 2486.1 2157.5 2225.7
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