DISCOVERY OF KULUN COMPLEX IN THE EAST PART OF THE NORTHERN MARGIN OF NORTH CHINA PLATE: Tectonic Implication
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摘要:
在华北板块北缘东段辽宁与内蒙古交界的库伦旗地区新发现了以晚古生代变质火山岩为主体的库伦杂岩. 通过剖面测制, 确定库伦杂岩岩石组合包括凝灰岩、安山岩及变沉积岩. 凝灰岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测试结果为391.0±3.7 Ma, 确定库伦杂岩形成时代为中泥盆世. 地球化学特征显示库伦杂岩形成于晚期岛弧环境. 通过对新发现的中泥盆世库伦杂岩及相关古生代的沉积事件、岩浆事件及变形的研究, 结合本区古生代杂岩、岩浆岩及火山沉积地层研究成果, 建立了华北板块北缘东段古生代增生型造山带的构造演化过程, 其经历了志留纪活动大陆边缘阶段、泥盆纪弧-陆碰撞阶段、石炭纪-中二叠世活动大陆边缘阶段和晚二叠世碰撞造山阶段. 志留系方家屯岩组、西别河岩组形成于弧后盆地环境, 反映了奥陶纪-志留纪研究区处于活动大陆边缘环境; 泥盆纪库伦杂岩火山-沉积为弧-陆碰撞结果, 伴随伸展背景下的岩浆活动. 石炭纪-中二叠世研究区在碰撞后伸展背景下重新拉张, 接受了白家店岩组、酒局子岩组沉积并导致了佟家屯岩组火山岛弧的形成. 晚二叠世古亚洲洋闭合, 发生陆-陆碰撞, 后造山作用延续到三叠纪.
Abstract:The Kulun complex, mainly composed of Late Paleozoic meta-volcanic rocks, has been newly discovered in Kulun Qi area on the border between Liaoning and Inner Mongolia in the east part of the northern margin of North China Plate. The profile survey confirms the rock association of Kulun complex including tuff, andesite and metasedimentary rock. The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotope test for the tuff shows 391.0±3.7 Ma, indicating the formation age of Middle Devonian. The geochemical characteristics show that the complex was formed in later island arc environment. The tectonic evolution process of the Paleozoic accretionary orogenic belt in the east part of the northern margin of North China Plate is established through the study of the newly discovered Middle Devonian Kulun complex and related Paleozoic sedimentary events, magmatic events and deformation, combined with the research results of the Paleozoic complex, magmatic rocks and volcanic sedimentary strata in the area. The orogenic belt has experienced the Silurian active continental margin stage, Devonian arc-continental collision stage, Carboniferous-Middle Permian active continental margin stage and Late Permian collision orogenic stage. The Silurian Fangjiatun and Xibiehe rock formations were formed in the back-arc basin environment, indicating the study area was in the active continental margin environment during the Ordovician-Silurian. The volcano-sedimentation of the Devonian Kulun complex is the result of arc-continent collision, accompanied by magmatic activity under extensional background. The study area underwent pull-apart again under the post-collision extension background, and received the deposits of Baijiadian rock formation and Jiujuzi rock formation in the Carboniferous-Middle Permian, leading to the formation of the volcanic island arc of Tongjiatun rock formation. In the Late Permian, continent-continent collision occurred with the closure of Paleo-Asian Ocean, and the post-orogeny continued to the Triassic.
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表 1 内蒙古自治区库伦旗-辽宁省彰武法库地区古生界构造岩石地层单位一览表
Table 1. Paleozoic stratigraphy of Kulun Qi of Inner Mongolia and Faku of Liaoning areas
系 统 组 符号 厚度/m 岩性特征 同位素年龄/Ma 生物组合 二叠系 中统 叶茂台岩组 P2ym > 512 绢云绿泥片岩、绢云泥质板岩、变质粉砂岩 268±3 下统 佟家屯岩组 P1t 1052.08 深灰色含斜长石榴绿泥绿帘绢云石英质糜棱岩、绿灰色绢云绿泥石英绿帘质糜棱岩、灰色绢云绿泥绿帘石英斜长质糜棱岩、深灰色石英绿泥绿帘斜长质糜棱岩及安山质糜棱岩 292±2 石炭系 上统 酒局子组 C2j > 1776.14 黑色板岩、片岩、含砾石英岩屑杂砂岩、薄层灰岩 Calamltes sp., Neuropteris cf. Pseudovata Gothan et Sze, Pecopteris cf. wongii, P. cf. arborescens, Lepidodendron tachingshancnsis, L. szeianum, Tingiac arbonica 下统 白家店组 C1b > 3947.6 碳质钙质页岩、大理岩、变质砂岩、灰色结晶灰岩、片岩及生物碎屑灰岩 Dibunophyllm bipatitum (Mcoy), D. cf. hochanpingense Yu, Lithostrotion cf. irregulare Phillips, Giantoproduclus manchuriensis (Minato), G. edelburgensis (Phillips)等 泥盆系 中统 库伦杂岩 D2kl > 233 灰色铁质炭质泥岩、浅紫红色钙质泥岩、灰色绿帘石化泥岩、灰色绿帘石化硅质泥岩 391.0±3.7 本次获得 志留系 上统 西别河岩组 S3x 1044.7 灰白色大理岩夹斜长角闪岩、二长浅粒岩及石英二云片岩 > 380 Amplexus xiashibeiense GUO, Diplochone sp., Tabularia sp., Thamnopra (Paralhamnopora) yu Tchi, Clathrodictyon cystosiforme khalfiua等 中统 方家屯岩组 S2f > 464 灰绿色透辉透闪片岩、灰绿色黑云斜长变粒岩、灰绿色绿帘绿泥片岩、灰黄色石英闪长质糜棱岩 433.4±4.2 
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库伦杂岩(D2kl): > 233.2 m 43.灰黑色绿帘变质泥岩 9.3 m 42.灰黑色硅化凝灰岩 5.1 m 41.深灰色绿帘变质泥岩夹碳质绢云泥质板岩 11.1 m 40.灰紫色绿帘斜黝帘蚀变岩 1.6 m 39.深灰色绿帘变质泥岩 0.8 m 38.青灰色碳质绢云泥质板岩 3.7 m 37.灰黑色变质安山质岩屑凝灰岩 2.8 m 36.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩 0.9 m 35.青灰色变质英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩 8.4 m 34.灰黑色绿帘变质泥岩 5.6 m 33.黄绿色蚀变火山角砾岩 1.9 m 32.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩 1.9 m 31.黄绿色绿帘变质泥岩 1.9 m 30.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩 8.4 m 29.黄绿色绿帘变质泥岩 23.2 m 28.墨绿色变质英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰熔岩 4.7 m 27.灰白色绿帘变质泥岩 1.9 m 26.灰黑色变质英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩 32.1 m 25.暗灰褐色绿帘斜黝帘蚀变岩 2 m 24.青灰色钙质泥岩 1 m 23.灰黑色绿帘变质泥岩 7 m 22.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩与绿帘变质泥岩互层 7 m 21.灰白色变质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩 7.7 m 20.灰黑色含碳质千枚状板岩 10.5 m 19.浅灰色变质英安质熔结凝灰岩 2.9 m 18.深灰色变质英安质岩屑晶屑凝灰岩 2.8 m 17.浅灰色绿帘变质泥岩 10.9 m 16.灰黑色黑云母安山岩 2.7 m 15.灰黑色绢云泥质板岩 3.8 m 14.灰黑色绿帘变质含粉砂质泥岩 1.9 m 13.灰色硅化凝灰岩 2.9 m 12.灰黑色绢云泥质板岩 1 m 11.浅黄色硅化凝灰岩 12.5 m 10.深灰色绢云碳质板岩 2.9 m 9.灰绿色绢云母化凝灰岩 1.9 m 8.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩 1.9 m 7.深灰色碳质绿帘硅质岩 4.7 m 6.灰黑色碳质绢云泥质板岩 7.3 m 5.灰黑色绿帘变质碳质泥岩 4.6 m 4.灰黑色含粉砂质碳质泥岩 3.7 m 3.黄褐色流纹质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩 3 m 2.灰黑色钙质泥岩 3.9 m 1.灰白色绿帘变质泥岩 > 15.7 m 未见底
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表 2 库伦杂岩中变凝灰岩样品中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb分析结果
Table 2. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of metamorphic tuff samples in Kulun complex
样品号 Pb/10-6 Th/10-6 U/10-6 Th/U 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 年龄/Ma 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ TW14KL001-01 11 107 141 0.75 0.47179 0.01969 0.06275 0.00101 392 14 392 6 TW14KL001-02 9 85 111 0.77 0.46781 0.01686 0.06207 0.00094 390 12 388 6 TW14KL001-03 6 62 78 0.80 0.47115 0.01821 0.06219 0.00096 392 13 389 6 TW14KL001-04 213 213 416 0.51 7.46078 0.10153 0.39951 0.00521 2168 12 2167 24 TW14KL001-05 165 212 418 0.51 4.66875 0.06295 0.31406 0.00407 1762 11 1761 20 TW14KL001-06 15 78 206 0.38 0.47502 0.01333 0.06289 0.00089 395 9 393 5 TW14KL001-07 97 36 269 0.13 4.75444 0.09245 0.31493 0.00443 1777 16 1765 22 TW14KL001-08 10 107 122 0.88 0.47301 0.01693 0.06279 0.00096 393 12 393 6 TW14KL001-09 10 75 127 0.59 0.47918 0.02292 0.06302 0.00108 398 16 394 7 TW14KL001-10 150 125 248 0.50 10.26069 0.15839 0.46346 0.00632 2459 14 2455 28 TW14KL001-11 17 136 213 0.64 0.47387 0.02021 0.06282 0.00103 394 14 393 6 TW14KL001-12 133 266 314 0.85 4.61796 0.07607 0.31483 0.00425 1753 14 1764 21 TW14KL001-13 13 84 167 0.50 0.46454 0.01526 0.06211 0.00092 387 11 388 6 TW14KL001-14 362 71 1022 0.07 4.64609 0.06368 0.31332 0.00409 1758 11 1757 20 TW14KL001-15 256 81 465 0.17 9.74907 0.12458 0.45323 0.00589 2411 12 2410 26 TW14KL001-16 167 76 459 0.17 4.56494 0.06818 0.31337 0.00416 1743 12 1757 20 TW14KL001-17 84 60 221 0.27 4.72719 0.08725 0.31511 0.00440 1772 15 1766 22 TW14KL001-18 145 92 390 0.24 4.58139 0.06815 0.31419 0.00417 1746 12 1761 20 TW14KL001-19 217 70 632 0.11 4.29496 0.06834 0.29972 0.00403 1692 13 1690 20 TW14KL001-20 237 56 698 0.08 4.24197 0.05882 0.29830 0.00390 1682 11 1683 19 TW14KL001-21 9 114 100 1.14 0.43074 0.02394 0.06209 0.00113 364 17 388 7 TW14KL001-22 15 153 185 0.83 0.45129 0.01527 0.06257 0.00094 378 11 391 6 TW14KL001-23 135 95 375 0.25 4.31179 0.07040 0.30002 0.00406 1696 13 1691 20
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表 3 库伦杂岩碎屑岩岩石化学成分
Table 3. Petrochemical compositions of clastic rocks in Kulun complex
序号 岩性 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 FeO K2O Na2O CaO MgO TiO2 P2O5 MnO Los 总和 1 绿帘变质泥岩 55.00 15.50 5.26 4.67 3.16 1.94 10.57 1.41 0.77 0.25 0.18 1.35 100.06 2 钙质泥岩 60.84 16.60 5.32 2.88 3.06 3.16 2.34 1.89 0.80 0.23 0.09 2.88 100.07 3 碳质绢云泥质板岩 63.79 16.85 5.15 2.25 3.4 1.1 1.26 1.83 0.71 0.092 0.095 3.29 99.82 4 绿帘变质泥岩 62.03 14.00 4.45 3.54 1.81 3.07 7.43 1.07 0.71 0.16 0.16 1.63 100.04 含量单位：%.
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