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摘要:
为了研究大连市近40年海岸带环境变迁和演化规律, 基于谷歌地球历史影像, 采用GIS技术提取和分析了大连市1984-2018年海岸线变化信息. 结果显示大连市海岸线增长经历了低-高-低3个阶段, 时间节点为2004年和2014年. 围(填)海增速与GDP增速曲线具有较强的相关性. 从空间来看, 大连市海岸线变化主要分布在湾区和河口地区, 主要类型为填海造陆区和围海养殖区. 其中填海造陆区主要集中在市辖区中南部沿岸和长兴岛开发区, 围海养殖区则分散在北部和东部瓦房店、普兰店和庄河等地.
Abstract:To study the environmental changes and evolution rule of coastal zones in Dalian City in the last 40 years, the paper uses GIS technology to extract and analyze the coastline information during 1984-2018 based on the historical images from Google Earth. The results show that the coastline has grown in three stages: low-high-low, separated by the years of 2004 and 2014. The growth rate of sea reclamation is highly correlated to the GDP growth curve. Spatially, the coastline changes are mainly distributed in the bay and estuary areas, with the main types of land reclamation and sea mariculture. The land reclamation area is mainly concentrated in the central and southern coast of municipal district and Changxing Island Development Zone, while the sea reclamation area is scattered in Wafangdian, Pulandian and Zhuanghe areas in the north and east.
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Key words:
- coastline /
- land use /
- Google Earth /
- GIS /
- satellite image /
- Dalian City /
- Liaoning Province
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表 1 大连市各地区1984-2018年间海岸线变更类型统计表
Table 1. Statistics of coastline changes in different regions of Dalian City during 1984-2018
地区 填海造陆面积 围海养殖面积 合计 普兰店湾 18.846 141.401 160.247 太平湾 14.208 41.190 55.397 葫芦山湾 29.021 16.980 46.001 沙河口地区 2.306 41.356 43.662 青堆子湾 3.680 37.904 41.584 庄河口地区 13.775 27.796 41.571 金州湾 29.297 10.688 39.985 大连湾 28.110 0.297 28.407 碧流河口地区 4.020 22.366 26.385 复州湾 0.000 24.651 24.651 大窑湾 17.187 1.445 18.632 董家口湾 0.000 14.174 14.174 长兴岛 8.167 5.723 13.890 星海湾 4.258 3.624 7.882 小窑湾 7.645 0.000 7.645 双岛湾 0.000 3.992 3.992 常江澳 2.926 0.000 2.926 营城子湾 0.283 1.415 1.698 羊头湾 1.191 0.000 1.191 铁山地区 1.125 0.000 1.125 其他地区 12.043 43.631 55.675 总计 198.085 438.633 636.719 面积单位：km2. 
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