Integrated prospecting model of Jiuzhanggou gold deposit in Songxian County, Henan Province
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摘要:
以河南省嵩县九仗沟构造蚀变岩型金矿床地质、地球物理和地球化学等多源找矿信息为基础,全面系统地总结该矿床综合找矿流程和勘查模型. 通过区域重磁测量异常筛选找矿远景区; 1:50 000水系沉积物异常选定找矿靶区; 靶区1:10 000专项地质填图,发现与金成矿有关的断裂构造带,进一步确定找矿靶区; 1:10 000土壤地球化学异常确定断裂含矿性,缩小找矿靶区; 原生晕剖面微量元素峰值部位确定F1构造矿化蚀变带位置; 大功率激电测深和EH-4双源大地电磁测深查明深部构造蚀变带和矿(化)体延伸特征,二者相互补充、佐证,定位预测深部找矿靶区.
Abstract:Based on the multi-source prospecting information of geology, geophysics, and geochemistry on Jiuzhanggou gold deposit of structural altered rock type in Songxian County, Henan Province, this study comprehensively summarizes the integrated prospecting process and exploration model as follows: Screening the prospecting prospective areas by regional gravity and magnetic survey anomaly; Selecting the prospecting targets through the anomaly of 1:50 000 stream sediment survey; Finding the fault belts related to gold mineralization with the 1:10 000 specific geological mapping, further determining the prospecting target areas; Determining the ore-bearing potential of faults based on the anomaly of 1:10 000 soil geochemical survey to narrow down the target areas; Locating the F1 structural mineralized zone according to trace element peak position in primary halo profile; Applying high-power induced polarization (IP) sounding and EH-4 dual-source magnetotelluric(MT) sounding to identify deep structural alteration zone and orebody extension characteristics, with both methods complementing and verifying each other for positioning and prediction of deep prospecting targets.
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图 1 河南嵩县九仗沟地区地质图(据文献[15]修改)
Figure 1.
图 2 九仗沟矿区地质图(据文献[21]修改)
Figure 2.
图 4 九仗沟金矿300 m中段第05勘探线围岩蚀变分带图(据文献[9]修改)
Figure 4.
图 5 九仗沟金矿区土壤地球化学综合异常图(据文献[22]修改)
Figure 5.
图 7 地球化学元素R型聚类谱系图(据文献[23])
Figure 7.
表 1 九仗沟金矿区F1构造蚀变带土壤地球化学异常特征值
Table 1. Eigenvalues of soil geochemical anomaly in F1 tectonic alteration zone
元素 样品数 平均值 样准离差 背景值 异常下限 异常浓度分带 外带 中带 内带 Au 363 5.690 4.298 3.0 6.0 6.01~12.0 12.0~24.0 >24.0 Ag 369 0.140 0.074 0.10 0.20 0.2~0.4 0.4~0.8 >0.8 Cu 358 27.620 9.366 25.0 45.0 45~90 90~180 >18.0 Pb 330 44.959 23.574 40.0 90.0 90~180 180~360 >360 Co 397 12.390 3.679 14.0 20.0 20~40 40~80 >80 Ni 398 21.253 8.928 20.0 40.0 40~80 80~160 >160 As 393 11.890 5.146 12.0 20.0 20~40 40~80 >80 Bi 383 0.393 0.128 0.4 0.7 0.7~1.4 1.4~2.8 >2.8 Hg 389 0.055 0.030 0.03 0.07 0.07~0.14 0.14~0.28 >0.28 注: 样品数为逐步剔除含量值大于x+3S后的剩余样品数; Au背景值以直方图分布特征确定; Au含量单位为10-9, 其他元素为10-6. 表 2 九仗沟金矿床M1含矿构造带原生晕元素相关系数表
Table 2. Correlation coefficients of primary halo elements in M1 ore-bearing structural zone
元素 Au Hg Co Cu Mo Ni Pb Sb V W Zn Ag As Bi Au 1.00 Hg 0.80 1.00 Co 0.35 0.29 1.00 Cu 0.05 0.35 0.04 1.00 Mo -0.15 0.13 -0.07 0.48 1.00 Ni -0.29 -0.08 0.18 0.24 0.25 1.00 Pb 0.54 0.74 0.27 0.63 0.33 0.15 1.00 Sb 0.42 0.68 0.24 0.57 0.32 0.29 0.75 1.00 V 0.45 0.62 0.32 0.48 0.26 0.26 0.64 0.65 1.00 W 0.33 0.52 0.32 0.30 0.22 0.27 0.60 0.76 0.57 1.00 Zn 0.58 0.73 0.41 0.40 0.10 0.14 0.77 0.65 0.55 0.56 1.00 Ag 0.73 0.83 0.25 0.58 0.29 0.00 0.86 0.71 0.65 0.52 0.74 1.00 As 0.17 0.35 0.27 0.31 0.27 0.22 0.35 0.4 0.62 0.32 0.27 0.30 1.00 Bi -0.27 0.04 -0.12 0.65 0.70 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.26 0.11 -0.01 0.25 0.20 1.00 注: 样品数n=103, 表中数据均是化探元素原始数据取对数后的数据. 表 3 九仗沟矿区微量元素背景值
Table 3. Background values of trace elements in Jiuzhanggou gold field
元素 Au Hg Co Cu Mo Ni Pb Sb V W Zn Ag As Bi 背景值 20.5 25.77 4.62 21.6 3.86 2.91 204 0.22 103 34.3 237 2.32 12.4 6.23 含量单位: Au、Hg为10-9, 其余元素为10-6. 表 4 M1含矿构造带元素分带指数及变化(梯度)计算
Table 4. Zoning indexes and variation (gradient) calculation of elements in M1 ore-bearing structural zone
项目 高程/m Au Hg Co Cu Mo Ni Pb Sb V W Zn Ag As Bi 分带指数 地表 0.0008 0.0001 0.0000 0.0437* 0.5072 0.0646 0.0292 0.0105 0.0384 0.1097 0.0035 0.0250 0..0203 0.1468* 380 0.0000 0.0017 0.2058* 0.0240 0.2036 0.0864* 0.0005 0..0121 0.0405 0.3506* 0.0347 0.0000 0.0281 0.0120 300 0.4549* 0.0247* 0.0429 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0336 0.0429* 0.0237 0.0000 0.0000 0.3149 0.0625* 0.0000 260 0.1498 0.0053 0.1527 0.0039 0.0565 0.0087 0.1108* 0.0109 0.0800* 0.0822 0.0199 0.2827 0.0289 0.0077 220 0.0488 0.0015 0.0971 0.0125 0.3721 0.0063 0.0236 0.0050 0.0214 0.0819 0.0175 0.2871 0.0119 0.0132 180 0.0683 0.0074 0.0638 0.0066 0.6222* 0.0040 0.0401 0.0052 0.0283 0.0430 0.0106 0.0823 0.0077 0.0107 140 0.2763 0.0092 0.0059 0.0044 0.0469 0.0114 0.0156 0.0259 0.0000 0.1226 0.0360 0.3942* 0.0512 0.0003 100 0.3635 0.0041 0.1352 0.0156 0.0003 0.0129 0.0422 0.0113 0.0419 0.0093 0.0371* 0.3124 0.0117 0.0026 变化指数 G上 541.88 261.24 0.0000 0.0000 16.973 1.3371 252.03 7.6265 7.4343 3.1972 20.046 24.590 2.4496 0.0000 G下 21.923 33.099 47.944 35.978 2463.4 59.739 17.191 26.141 8.4777 57.325 0.0000 1.2616 9.2196 575.07 ΔG 519.96 228.14 -47.944 -35.978 -2446.4 -58.402 234.84 -18.514 -1.0435 -54.128 20.046 23.329 -6.7700 -575.07 注: *代表各元素的分带指数最大值. 表 5 九仗沟金矿床M1主矿体剥蚀评价指标
Table 5. Evaluation indexes for erosion of M1 main orebody in Jiuzhanggou gold deposit
标高/m 部位 Hg Sb As Mo W Bi IAu 地表 矿体上部 26.1 5.84 25.1 48.2 40.3 1.36 0.00 380 矿体上部 39.0 6.28 29.8 19.1 59.0 0.13 0.05 300 矿体上部 69.2 4.04 18.0 2.54 30.4 0.03 1.93 260 矿体中部 73.6 6.42 33.3 7.71 38.0 0.10 0.52 220 矿体中部 54.2 6.07 29.8 74.2 46.2 0.29 0.01 180 矿体中部 154 5.49 20.2 111 38.0 0.22 0.02 140 矿体下部 54.8 4.69 23.2 4.04 34.3 0.04 1.23 100 矿体下部 64.5 7.28 18.1 2.56 31.3 0.06 1.81 60 矿体下部 118 5.12 124 9.90 35.4 0.82 0.26 20 矿体下部 43.8 2.38 53.1 2.15 34.8 0.05 1.52 -20 矿体下部 119 4.89 111 4.69 48.0 0.11 2.51 含量单位: 元素Hg为10-9, 其余元素为10-6. 表 6 九仗沟金矿岩(矿)石电性特征
Table 6. Electrical characteristics of rock (ore) in Jiuzhanggou gold deposit
岩(矿)石名称 块数 电阻率/Ωm 极化率/% 物性分级 英安岩 84 18500 2.36 高阻、微极化 构造蚀变岩(包括矿石、矿化岩石、构造岩、碎裂岩及蚀变岩冤) 263 2800 12.4 低-中阻、高极化 表 7 九仗沟金矿地质-地球物理-地球化学找矿模型
Table 7. Geological-geophysical-geochemical prospecting model of Jiuzhanggou gold deposit
勘查方法 找矿标志 矿化指示特征或信息 地质 构造 NNE向店房-庙岭-九仗沟F1断裂带 岩浆岩 早白垩世花岗岩 围岩蚀变 硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、黄铁绢英岩化 直接找矿标志 褐铁矿等氧化矿石、民采硐以及岩石因强烈硅化蚀变、耐风化形成的正地貌 地球物理 探测目标 构造破碎蚀变带 目标物物性特征 中低电阻率、高极化 深部激电异常特征 呈现高极化、低—中电阻率异常特征 深部电磁异常特征 中—低阻线性串珠状或梯度变化带异常特征 地球化学 土壤元素异常 Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、As、Hg等元素具有较好异常显示 原生晕异常特征 元素高值区与构造矿化蚀变带对应较好 元素组合特征 成矿元素Au与Hg、Ag元素呈显著正相关 原生晕分带序列 Cu—Bi—W—Au—Hg—As—Sb—Pb—V—Mo—Ag—Zn -
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