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摘要:
采用组分分布图、ζ电位、SEM-EDS和XPS等手段对白云母浮选试样进行了表征,在此基础上研究了油酸钠体系下Cu2+对白云母浮选行为的影响机理。结果表明:在矿浆pH值为12、油酸钠浓度为9.20×10-4 mol/L的条件下,当Cu2+浓度为1.18×10-4 mol/L时,其活化白云母的效果达到最佳,白云母的回收率可达到55.70%。继续增加Cu2+浓度,其活化效果减弱。Cu2+改善白云母可浮性的主要原因在于:溶液中油酸根离子与吸附在白云母表面的Cu(OH)42-作用,形成了疏水的油酸铜。此外,当Cu2+浓度为1.18×10-4 mol/L时,白云母表面的ζ电位达到-4.08 mV,导致白云母表面局部正电区域增加,此时Cu2+可增强油酸根等离子在白云母表面的静电吸附作用,并且Cu2+还可提高白云母表面Al和Si与油酸根等离子的反应几率,因而也会改善白云母的可浮性。Cu2+活化效果减弱的原因在于:过量的Cu2+会逐渐弱化油酸根等离子在白云母表面的静电吸附作用,并且过量的Cu2+会消耗部分捕收剂,也会降低捕收剂与矿物表面作用的概率。
Abstract:The muscovite samples were characterized by component distribution chart, ζ potential, SEM-EDS and XPS spectra etc. and then the mechanism of Cu2+ on the flotation behavior of muscovite in sodium oleate system was investigated. The result showed that when the pulp pH value was 12, the concentration of sodium oleate 9.20×10-4 mol/L and the concentration of Cu2+ 1.18×10-4 mol/L, the muscovite recovery rate can reach 55.70%, where the effect of activated muscovite was best. And after that continuing to increase Cu2+ concentration, the activation effect would decrease. The main reason for Cu2+ to improve the floatability of muscovite was that the Cu(OH)42- adsorbed on the muscovite surface interacted with oleate ions in solution and then formed hydrophobic copper oleate. Moreover, when the concentration of Cu2+ was 1.18×10-4 mol/L, the zeta potential of the muscovite surface reached -4.08 mV, leading to increase of the muscovite surface charged local area, so the concentration of Cu2+ can enhance the electrostatic adsorption of oleate ions on the muscovite surface, and Cu2+ can also increase the reaction probability of oleate ions with reactive Al and Si on muscovite surface, which also increases the floatability of muscovite. The reason for the reduction of Cu2+ activation is that: excessive Cu2+ can gradually weaken in the electrostatic adsorption of oleate ions muscovite surface charged region, and excessive Cu2+ can consume part of collector, it can also reduce the probability of collecting agent by reaction with mineral surface.
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Key words:
- muscovite /
- sodium oleate /
- copper ion /
- activation
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表 1 白云母样品表面主要元素的EDS分析结果 /%
Table 1. EDS analysis results of main elements on the surface of muscovite sample
样品编号 作用药剂 位置 Al/% Si/% Cu/% Ⅰ — 解理面 21.01 27.72 0.00 断裂面 17.79 27.99 0.00 Ⅱ 油酸钠 解理面 18.25 23.76 0.00 断裂面 17.91 23.00 0.00 Ⅲ Cu2++油酸钠 解理面 18.97 24.68 0.74 断裂面 15.79 24.81 0.61 表 2 不同药剂作用下白云母样品表面主要元素相对含量
Table 2. Relative content of main elements on muscovite sample in conditions of different chemicals
样品编号 药剂作用条件 C/% Cu/% 矿浆pH值 油酸钠浓度/(mol·L-1) Cu2+浓度/(mol·L-1) A — 0.00 0.00 14.82 0.00 B 6 9.20×10-4 0.00 61.29 0.00 C 12 9.20×10-4 1.18×10-4 18.66 0.76 D 12 9.20×10-4 2.36×10-4 31.25 2.01 表 3 白云母样品表面各元素电子结合能
Table 3. Electron binding energies of various elements on the surface of muscovite sample
样品编号 药剂作用条件 Si2p/eV Al2p/eV 矿浆pH值 油酸钠浓度/(mol·L-1) Cu2+浓度/(mol·L-1) A — 0.00 0.00 102.16 74.03 B 6 9.20×10-4 0.00 101.33 73.47 C 12 9.20×10-4 1.18×10-4 102.74 74.39 D 12 9.20×10-4 2.36×10-4 102.50 74.89 表 4 Al的价键形态及其分布
Table 4. Morphology and distribution of valence bond of Al
样品编号 矿浆pH值 药剂浓度/(mol·L-1) 总峰面积 Al-O峰面积 Al-OH峰面积 Al-OOCR峰面积 Al-O相对含量/% Al-OH相对含量/% Al-OOCR相对含量/% Cu2+ 油酸钠 A —— 0.00 0.00 5 704.81 1 478.11 5 226.70 0.00 25.91 74.09 0.00 B 6 0.00 9.20×10-4 1 644.58 917.24 353.27 374.07 55.78 21.48 22.74 C 12 1.18×10-4 9.20×10-4 6 013.85 2 263.40 1 662.46 1 308.60 37.19 27.64 35.17 D 12 2.36×10-4 9.20×10-4 7 215.71 766.35 1 855.95 1 669.82 10.62 25.72 63.66 表 5 Si的价键形态及其分布
Table 5. Morphology and distribution of valence bond of Si
样品编号 矿浆pH值 药剂浓度/(mol·L-1) 总峰面积 Si-O峰面积 Si-OOCR峰面积 Si-O相对含量/% Si-OOCR相对含量/% Cu2+ 油酸钠 A —— 0 0 15 966.96 15 966.96 0.00 100.00 0.00 B 6 0 9.20×10-4 6 604.82 4 210.19 2 394.63 63.74 36.26 C 12 1.18×10-4 9.20×10-4 13 235.57 6 688.87 6 546.70 50.54 49.46 D 12 2.36×10-4 9.20×10-4 9 107.68 3 995.29 5 112.39 43.87 56.13 表 6 Cu的价键形态及其分布
Table 6. form and distribution of valence bond of Cu
样品编号 矿浆pH值 药剂浓度/(mol·L-1) 总峰面积 Cu-O峰面积 Cu-OOCR峰面积 Cu-O相对含量/% Cu-OOCR相对含量/% Cu2+ 油酸钠 C 12 1.18×10-4 9.20×10-4 8 449.37 5 416.59 3 032.78 64.10 25.90 D 12 2.36×10-4 9.20×10-4 22 557.08 14 298.45 8 258.63 63.39 26.61 -
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