Research on Heat Treatment Process of Foam Glass-ceramics From Iron Tailings
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摘要: 以商洛某尾矿库现存铁尾矿为主要原料，以废玻璃为增硅剂，CaCO3为发泡剂，TiO2和CaF2作为复合晶核剂，采用粉末法二次烧结法制备微晶泡沫玻璃，研究了发泡工艺和微晶化工艺对其抗压强度、密度以及热导率的影响。结果表明：在1 350℃、保温2 h条件下获得了最佳熔制效果的基础玻璃；铁尾矿掺入质量分数为40%，在900℃时发泡30 min、1 120℃微晶化处理2 h后，制得了孔径尺寸为1.6~2.0 mm、表观密度为1.679 g·cm-3、抗压强度27.22 MPa、热导率为0.107 W·（m·K）-1的微晶泡沫玻璃。Abstract: The foam glass-ceramics were prepared by sintering method using the iron tailings from a tailings pond in Shangluo area as the main raw material, waste glass as silicatization agent, calcium carbonate as foaming agent, titanium dioxide and calcium fluoride as composite crystal nucleating agents. The effects of key parameters in foaming and microcrystallization process on its compressive strength, density and thermal conductivity were discussed. Results showed that when the content of iron tailings is 40%, foamed for 30 min at 900 ℃ and then crystallized at 1150 ℃ for 2 h, the high-strength foam glass ceramics was prepared with average pore diameter of 1.6~2.0 mm, the apparent density of 1.679 g·cm-3, the compressive strength of 27.22 MPa and the thermal conductivity of 0.107 W/(m·k).
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Key words:
- iron tailings /
- foam glass-ceramics /
- compressive strength /
- thermal conductivity
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表 1 铁尾矿的化学成分
/% Table 1. Chemical composition of iron tailings
Composition SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO Fe2O3 FeO TiO2 K2O Na2O Others Content 66.00 7.06 1.86 0.25 3.18 4.15 0.67 2.59 0.86 13.38 
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表 2 废玻璃粉的化学成分
/% Table 2. Chemical composition of iron tailings
Composition SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO Fe2O3 Na2O TiO2 K2O Ba2O Others Content 72.87 3.14 5.81 1.07 1.24 9.35 0.064 1.58 0.39 4.47
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表 3 不同熔制温度下得到熔制效果
Table 3. The characteristics of the base glass at different melting temperatures
Melting temperature Melting time Evaluation of melting results 1 200 ℃ 2 h Refractory and more impurities particles on the surface 1 250 ℃ 2 h A degree of fluidity, but still more particles 1 300 ℃ 2 h High viscosity, less particulate matter 1 350 ℃ 2 h Small viscosity, good fluidity, no surface particles and no bubbles 1 400 ℃ 2 h Good fluidity and large bubbles in fluid and surface layer
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表 4 不同熔制时间下得到的基础玻璃效果
Table 4. The characteristics of the base glass at different melting time
Melting time Melting temperature Evaluation of melting results 1 h 1 350 ℃ Viscous with little fluidity 1.5 h 1 350 ℃ Low viscosity and poor uniformity 2 h 1 350 ℃ Small viscosity, good fluidity, uniform fluid, no bubbles 2.5 h 1 350 ℃ Good fluidity with bubbles of different sizes in the fluid
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