Study on the Mechanism of Floatability Differences between Calcite and Wollastonite
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摘要: 方解石与硅灰石常相互伴生，因矿物晶格中都含有Ca2+而具有一些相似的表面性质和溶解特性；但是，两种矿物所含阴离子基团的不同，又使它们在浮选中表现出一定的差异性。本文以方解石和硅灰石为研究对象，分别研究了十二胺和油酸钠对方解石和硅灰石浮选行为的影响；通过Zeta电位分析和logC-pH分析，研究了不同pH值条件下方解石和硅灰石的表面荷电情况以及溶液中的优势组分情况；通过XPS测试和MS模拟，研究了方解石和硅灰石表面Ca质点密度和Ca不饱和键密度的情况。Zeta电位分析和logC-pH分析的结果表明，由于定位离子的不同，方解石比硅灰石带有更多的表面净剩正电荷；XPS和MS模拟的研究结果则表明，方解石比硅灰石具有更多的表面Ca质点密度和Ca不饱和键密度。Abstract: Calcite and wollastonite are often associated with each other in ore. For the same Ca2+ contained in the mineral lattices, some similar surface characteristics and dissolution characteristics are shown in the two minerals. But for the existence of the different anionic groups in their mineral lattices, some differences are shown in the flotations of the two minerals. In this paper, the floatability differences of calcite and wollastonite were studied by the single mineral test when lauryl amine and sodium oleate were used as collectors. The surface potentials and the chief components of calcite and wollastonite in solutions under different pH values were studied by zeta potential analysis and logC-pH analysis of the two minerals. The density of calcium exposure and the density of unsaturated bonds of calcium on the surfaces of calcite and wollastonite were studied by XPS analysis and MS simulations. The results of zeta potential and logC-pH analysis showed that the surface potentials of calcite were more than wollastonite due to the different locating ions of the two minerals; XPS and MS simulation results showed that calcite had more density of calcium exposure and the density of unsaturated bonds of calcium than wollastonite.
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Key words:
- calcite /
- wollastonite /
- floatability differences /
- crystal chemistry
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表 1 方解石与硅灰石元素的相对含量
Table 1. Relative content of elements in calcite and wollastonite
Sample pH Relative content /% Ca 2p2/3 O 1s C 1s Si 2p CaCO3 pH=9.0 15.54 39.67 18.89 — pH=11.5 16.00 43.05 16.09 — CaSiO3 pH=9.0 11.34 46.45 — 18.69 pH=11.5 11.60 43.75 — 19.77 
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表 2 方解石与硅灰石元素的原子轨道结合能
Table 2. Binding energy of elements in calcite and wollastonite
Sample pH Binding energy/eV Ca 2p2/3 O 1s C 1s Si 2p CaCO3 pH=9.0 346.59 531.17 286.54 — pH=11.5 346.34 530.90 288.88 — CaSiO3 pH=9.0 346.92 531.89 — 101.96 pH=11.5 346.68 531.80 — 101.90
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表 3 方解石和硅灰石主要解离面上的Ca质点密度和Ca不饱和键密度
Table 3. Densities and unsaturated bonds of calcium on the main cleavage planes of calcite and wollastonite
Mineral Cleavage plane Chemical formula Area /nm2 Number (Ca) Density (Ca) /nm2 Number (u-Ca) Density (u-Ca) /nm2 Calcite (104) Ca96C96O288 4.69 20 4.26 34 7.24 Wollastonite (102) Ca96Si96O288 5.58 16 2.87 16 2.87
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