Separation of Ag-Pb Alkali-free Bulk Flotation Process on a Silver-bearing Low-grade Lead & Zinc Sulfide Ore
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摘要:
对某含银低品位铅锌硫化矿进行了选矿工艺流程的试验研究。根据矿石性质，采用银铅混选（银铅粗精矿再磨）-锌浮选和银铅混选（银铅中矿再磨）—锌浮选两种原则工艺流程进行试验研究，银铅混选时，采用选择性的银铅捕收剂组合BK906+BK903G在近中性的无碱条件下将银矿物和硫化铅矿物浮出，获得银铅混合精矿；然后通过常规的石灰+硫酸铜+丁基黄药法浮选回收硫化锌矿物，得到锌精矿。通过银铅混选（银铅粗精矿再磨）—锌浮选和银铅混选（银铅中矿再磨）—锌浮选两种试验方案的工艺流程和闭路试验指标的对比分析，最终确定了银铅混选（银铅粗精矿再磨）—锌浮选的工艺流程，闭路试验获得含银5 252.5 g/t、含铅27.54%、含锌3.87%、银回收率73.03%、铅回收率76.47%的银铅精矿和含银359.6 g/t、含铅0.37%、含锌54.96%、锌回收率71.00%的锌精矿。新工艺实现了矿石中有价金属银、铅、锌的高效回收。
Abstract:In this paper, mineral processing study was carried out on a silver-bearing low-grade lead & zinc ore. The two processes of Ag and Pb bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb rough concentrate)—Zn flotation and Ag and Pb bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb middlings)—Zn flotation were proposed based on the characteristics of the ore property, firstly, the selective combination collector BK906 and BK903G was adopted to collect silver and lead sulfides from the alkali-free pulp close to neutral pH value with the bulk flotation process flowsheet and the Ag and Pb bulk concentrate was obtained, and then the zinc sulfides were recovered by flotation separation from the flotation tailings of Ag and Pb by the conventional lime+copper sulfate+xanthate method and the Zn concentrate was obtained. The comparison tests were conducted by adopting two technological processes of Ag and Pb bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb rough concentrate)—Zn flotation and Ag and Pb bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb middlings)—Zn flotation. Finally the flowsheet of Ag and Pb bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb rough concentrate)—Zn flotation was determined, and the results of closed-circuit test were obtained the silver and lead concentrate with grading 5252.5 g/t Ag, 27.54% Pb, 3.87% Zn and recovery rate of 73.03% Ag and 76.47% Pb, and the zinc concentrate with grading 359.6 g/t Ag, 0.37% Pb, 54.96% Zn and Zn recovery of 71.00%. It can be achieved high-capacity recovering valuable metals silver, lead and zinc associated in the ore.
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表 1 矿石主要元素化学分析结果
Table 1. Chemical analysis results of run-of-mine ore
/% 成分 Cu Pb Zn S Au Ag Fe Mn SiO2 Al2O3 含量 0.007 0.48 0.75 1.38 0.05 90.0 2.35 1.91 64.35 10.68 成分 CaO MgO K2O Na2O TiO2 P Sb Cd As Hg 含量 1.71 1.29 6.85 0.18 0.20 0.048 0.009 0.006 < 0.005 < 0.005 注: Au、Ag单位为g/t-1。 
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表 2 银的化学物相分析结果
Table 2. Analysis results of silver phase
相别 裸露金属银 裸露硫化银中银 硫化物包裹银 其它矿物包裹银 总银 银含量/(g·t-1) 25.09 42.16 14.48 7.27 89.00 分布率/% 28.19 47.37 16.27 8.17 100.00
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表 4 银铅粗精矿再磨方案闭路试验结果
Table 4. Closed-circuit test results of process of Ag and Pb alkali-free bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb rough concentrate)—Zn flotation
产品名称 产率/% 品率/% 回收率/% Ag/(g·t-1) Pb/% Zn/% Ag Pb Zn 银铅精矿 1.31 5 252.5 27.54 3.87 73.03 76.47 6.65 锌精矿 0.98 359.6 0.37 54.96 3.99 0.77 71.00 尾矿 97.71 22.2 0.11 0.17 22.98 22.76 22.35 原矿 100.00 89.0 0.47 0.76 100.00 100.00 100.00
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表 5 银铅混选(银铅中矿再磨)—锌浮选工艺闭路试验结果
Table 5. Closed-circuit test results of process of Ag and Pb alkali-free bulk flotation (regrinding of Ag and Pb middlings)—Zn flotation
产品名称 产率/% 品位 回收率/% Ag/(g·t-1) Pb/% Zn/% Ag Pb Zn 银铅精矿 1.28 4 995.3 29.13 3.48 72.57 77.25 5.92 锌精矿 1.08 365.7 0.34 50.90 4.43 0.75 72.27 尾矿 97.64 21.0 0.11 0.17 23.00 22.00 21.81 原矿 100.00 89.1 0.49 0.76 100.00 100.00 100.00
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