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摘要:
为揭示电化学改性对钙离子活化白云母可浮性能力的影响机制，对CaCl2溶液进行电解改性并进行了白云母单矿物浮选试验。在此基础上，采用红外光谱、光电子能谱和Zeta电位等手段对白云母样品进行了表征。结果表明：与未改性相比，电化学改性后的Ca2+可使白云母的回收率由62.10%降低到49.00%，在一定程度上弱化Ca2+对白云母可浮性的活化能力。电化学改性弱化Ca2+活化白云母能力的机制在于：电化学改性能够促进Ca2+在溶液中的水解反应程度并生成Ca（OH）2微溶物。Ca（OH）2可消耗矿浆中的油酸，导致矿浆中的油酸和油酸根含量减少，也降低了白云母表面活性点Al与油酸根等离子的反应概率。此外，电化学改性后的Ca2+可使白云母表面Zeta电位负向增大，这不利于矿浆中油酸根离子在白云母表面局部正电区的物理吸附，最终弱化了Ca2+对白云母可浮性的活化作用。研究对提高含白云母类非金属矿物的分选效果有一定的借鉴意义。
Abstract:To reveal the influence mechanism of electrochemical modification on the floatability of calcium ion activated muscovite, the calcium chloride solution was electrolytically modified and the pure mineral flotation test of muscovite was carried out. Based on this, muscovite samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy and Zeta potential. The results showed that compared with the unmodified, the recovery rate of muscovite decreased from 62.10% to 49.00% after electrochemical modification of Ca2+ ion, which reduced the activation ability of Ca2+ ion on muscovite floatability to a certain extent. The mechanism of electrochemical modification weakens the ability of Ca2+ ion to activate muscovite lies in that electrochemical modification can promote the degree of hydrolysis reaction of Ca2+ ion in solution and generate micro-solution Ca(OH)2. Calcium hydroxide reacted with oleic acid in the pulp, induced the decrease of the content of both the oleic acid and oleic acid ion in the pulp, meanwhile, reducing the reaction probability of Al of active point on muscovite surface with other ions such as oleic acid. In addition, electrochemically modified Ca2+ ion can negatively increase the Zeta potential of muscovite surface, which is not conducive to the physical adsorption of oleic acid ions in the local positive region on the muscovite surface, and ultimately weakens the activation of Ca2+ ion on the floatability of muscovite. The study provides reference significance for improving the separation effect of muscovite-containing non-metallic minerals.
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Key words:
- electrochemical modification /
- calcium ion /
- muscovite /
- activation capacity /
- influence mechanism
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表 1 白云母样品的化学多元素分析结果
Table 1. Results of chemical multi-elements analysis of muscovite samples
化学成分 Al2O3 K2O SiO2 Fe2O3 Na2O 烧失量 成分含量/% 32.50 10.62 48.16 2.62 0.72 5.38 
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表 2 不同白云母样品的羟基分峰结果
Table 2. Hydroxyl peak separation results of different muscovite samples
电化学改时间/min 亲水性基团 疏水性基团 归属 波数/cm-1 面积相对比例/% 归属 波数/cm-1 面积相对比例/% 0 Si-OH 3 629 39.90 油酸根中的羟基 3 450 53.93 Ca-OH 3 662 3.87 油酸分子中羟基 3 218 2.30 5 Si-OH 3 628 42.74 油酸根中的羟基 3 453 48.69 Ca-OH 3 662 5.23 油酸分子中羟基 3 227 3.34 10 Si-OH 3 628 43.94 油酸根中的羟基 3 447 47.19 Ca-OH 3 661 4.40 油酸分子中羟基 3 232 4.47
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表 3 白云母样品表面元素的相对含量
Table 3. Relative content of surface elements in muscovite samples
电化学改性时间/min C/% Ca/% Al/% Si/% 0 23.68 0.30 11.44 17.11 5 3.36 0.22 15.02 21.31 15 2.63 0.07 13.63 19.51
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表 4 Al2p的价键及其分布
Table 4. Valence Bond and Distribution of Al2p
电化学改性时间/min 总峰面积 Al-O面积 Al-OH面积 Al-OOCR面积 Al-O含量/% Al-OH含量/% Al-OOCR含量/% 0 3 966.25 991.63 1 101.90 1 872.99 25.00 27.78 47.22 5 6 578.16 835.41 4 547.64 1 195.11 12.70 69.13 18.17 15 5 694.78 941.00 4 005.09 748.69 16.52 70.33 13.15
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