EDTA在铌铁矿和石英浮选分离中的选择性抑制作用机理

李侠; 张倩; 陈世岭; 蒋海明

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.01.004

EDTA在铌铁矿和石英浮选分离中的选择性抑制作用机理

1.
内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院, 内蒙古包头 014010

2.
内蒙古科技大学生命科学与技术学院, 内蒙古包头 014010

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51864037）；内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2021MS05066）

详细信息

作者简介: 李侠（1979—），女，辽宁锦州人，副教授，主要从事金属矿选矿及矿产资源综合利用研究，E-mail：lixia2002hn@163.com

中图分类号: TD923⁺.14；TD955

收稿日期: 2022-06-26

刊出日期: 2023-02-15

Mechanism of Inhibitor EDTA in Flotation Separation of Niobite and Quartz

1.
School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China

2.
School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China

Received Date: 26 June 2022

Publish Date: 15 February 2023

摘要

摘要:
由于石英容易被金属阳离子活化，导致羟肟酸捕收剂浮选体系下铌矿物和脉石矿物石英的可浮性差异减小，增加了有用矿物和石英之间的分选难度。采用EDTA作为铌铁矿浮选中的石英抑制剂，通过单矿物试验、人工混合矿浮选试验、Zeta电位测试、接触角测试以及X射线光电子能谱仪检测等研究了铌铁矿以及石英的浮选行为和表面性质。当使用辛基羟肟酸（OHA）作为浮选捕收剂时，EDTA对活化后石英有较强的选择性抑制作用，因为EDTA对石英表面金属离子的络合溶解作用减少了OHA在石英表面的吸附，从而实现了铌铁矿和石英的有效分选。浮选试验结果表明，针对铌铁矿和石英质量比为1∶1的人工混合矿，在FeCl₃·6H₂O浓度为20 mg/L、EDTA用量为0.2 mmol/L、矿浆pH值为9.0、OHA浓度为0.05 mmol/L的条件下，可较好地实现铌铁矿和石英的浮选分离，铌铁矿精矿中Nb₂O₅的品位为56.84%，Nb₂O₅的回收率为72.54%，石英的品位为13.17%，石英的回收率为12.83%。
- 铌铁矿 /
- 石英 /
- EDTA /
- 浮选分离 /
- 抑制剂 /
- 抑制机理
Abstract:
As quartz is easily activated by metal cations, the floatability difference between niobium mineral and gangue mineral quartz decreases under hydroxamic acid collector flotation system, which increases the difficulty of separation between useful minerals and quartz. In this paper, EDTA was used as an inhibitor in the separation of niobium mineral from activated quartz. The flotation behavior and surface properties of niobite and quartz exposed to EDTA were studied by single mineral experiments, artificial mineral flotation experiments, Zeta potential tests, contact Angle tests and XPS photoelectron spectroscopy. When octyl hydroxamic acid (OHA) was used as flotation collector, EDTA as an inhibitor had a strong selective inhibition on activated quartz, because the complexation dissolution of EDTA on quartz surface reduced the adsorption of OHA on quartz surface. Flotation experiments results showed that the flotation separation of niobite from quartz was achieved at pH 9.0, FeCl₃·6H₂O dosage of 0.2 mmol/L, EDTA dosage of 0.2 mmol/L , and OHA dosage of 0.05 mmol/L. The recovery of Nb₂O₅ in niobite concentrate was 72.54%, and the grade of Nb₂O₅ was 56.84%. The recovery of SiO₂ in niobite concentrate was 12.83%, and the grade of SiO₂ was 13.17%.
- niobite /
- quartz /
- EDTA /
- flotation separation /
- inhibitor /
- inhibition mechanism

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图 1 铌铁矿、石英XRD图谱

Figure 1.

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图 2 浮选试验流程

Figure 2.

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图 3 OHA浓度对铌铁矿和石英浮选的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 pH对铌铁矿和石英浮选的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 EDTA浓度对铌铁矿和石英浮选的影响

Figure 5.

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图 6 pH值对铌铁矿和石英浮选的影响

Figure 6.

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图 7 EDTA用量对人工混合矿浮选精矿指标的影响

Figure 7.

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图 8 EDTA为抑制剂时铌铁矿表面的接触角

Figure 8.

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图 9 EDTA为抑制剂时石英表面的接触角

Figure 9.

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图 10 不同药剂作用下铌铁矿表面Zeta电位随矿浆pH值变化曲线

Figure 10.

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图 11 不同药剂作用下石英表面Zeta电位随矿浆pH值变化曲线

Figure 11.

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图 12 OHA、EDTA单独及共同作用后的铌铁矿Nb 3d XPS窄谱

Figure 12.

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图 13 OHA、EDTA单独及共同作用后的铌铁矿Fe 2p XPS窄谱

Figure 13.

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表 1 单矿物化学成分分析结果

Table 1. Chemical analysis of pure minerals /%

矿物 Nb₂O₅ TFe SiO₂ MgO CaO 纯度

铌铁矿 75.65 16.38 3.21 − − 95.91
石英 − − 99.05 0.15 0.05 99.05

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