A Comparative Study on the Impact Crushing Characteristics of the Material Layer Between the Leroy Tetrahedron and the Traditional Grinding Medium
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摘要:
针对传统介质磨矿产品粒度特性差的问题，进行不同介质形状（球体、勒洛四面体、圆柱体）对料层的破碎粒度特性影响研究。采用落重实验仪模拟不同介质形状在不同高度（0.5 m、1.0 m、1.5 m、2.0 m）对料层的冲击效果。研究结果表明：利用威布尔分布计算出铜矿破碎特性指数与冲击速度成正比例关系拟合的方程拟合系数范围在0.96~0.99内，证实利用威布尔分布函数来描述铜矿冲击破碎的粒度分布规律是可靠、可行的；研究表明，冲击速度对铜矿冲击破碎粒度分布规律影响很小，2 m高度（速度6.29 m/s）的勒洛四面体介质比钢球和钢段的破碎特性指数分别提高了0.22和0.18；勒洛四面体介质冲击2 m高度（速度6.29 m/s）的料层与钢球和钢段相比，+0.15 mm级别产率分别比钢球和钢段介质降低3.14和1.85百分点、−0.074+0.038 mm产率分别提高5.86和2.26百分点、−0.074 mm级别产率分别提高0.4和1.41百分点、过粉碎级别−0.01 mm产率分别降低4.52和2.64百分点；验证了勒洛四面体介质形状能有效改善料层的粒度特性。
Abstract:Aiming at the problem of poor particle size characteristics of traditional medium grinding products, the influence of different medium shapes (sphere, Leroy tetrahedron, and cylinder) on the crushing particle size characteristics of the material layer was studied. The impact effect of different medium shapes at different heights (0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m, and 2.0 m) on the material bed was simulated by using drop weight tester. The results showed that the fitting coefficients of the equation fitted by Weibull distribution were in the range of 0.96~0.99, which proved that Weibull distribution function was reliable and feasible to describe the particle size distribution law of impact crushing of copper ore. The results showed that it was reliable and feasible to use Weibull distribution function to describe the particle size distribution law of impact crushing of copper ore; the results showed that the impact velocity had little effect on the particle size distribution of impact crushing of copper ore, and the crushing characteristic index of 2 m height (6.29 m/s) Leroy tetrahedral medium was 0.22 and 0.18 higher than that of steel ball and steel segment, respectively. Compared with steel ball and steel segment, the yields of +0.15 mm, −0.074 +0.038 mm, −0.074 mm and−0.01 mm were decreased by 3.14 and 1.85 percentage points, 5.86 and 2.26 percentage points, 0.4 and 1.41 percentage points, 4.52 and 2.64 percentage points, respectively. It was verified that the shape of Leroy tetrahedron medium can effectively improve the particle size characteristics of the material layer.
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Key words:
- drop weight /
- ball mill /
- grinding media /
- Leroy tetrahedral media /
- particle size characteristics
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表 1 落重实验方案
Table 1. Weight drop test scheme
介质方案 冲击高度/m 矿层质量/g Φ60 mm钢球方案 0.5 150 Φ60 mm钢段方案 0.5 150 Φ60 mm勒洛方案 0.5 150 Φ60 mm钢球方案 1.0 150 Φ60 mm钢段方案 1.0 150 Φ60 mm勒洛方案 1.0 150 Φ60 mm钢球方案 1.5 150 Φ60 mm钢段方案 1.5 150 Φ60 mm勒洛方案 1.5 150 Φ60 mm钢球方案 2.0 150 Φ60 mm钢段方案 2.0 150 Φ60 mm勒洛方案 2.0 150 
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表 2 铜矿冲击破碎产品质量累积概率
Table 2. Cu ore impact crushing product quality cumulative probability
冲击速度/(m·s−1) 冲击高度/m 介质种类 铜矿破碎后粒度不大于d(mm)的碎铜矿占试样总量的比例/% <0.01 mm <0.038 mm <0.074 mm <0.15 mm <0.3 mm <0.45 mm 3.13 0.5 钢球 4.18 6.54 10.13 14.15 25.95 73.23 钢段 3.96 7.06 9.79 23.14 48.66 69.19 勒洛 5.18 6.57 7.89 13.06 23.37 39.85 4.43 1.0 钢球 8.40 10.23 16.43 24.61 41.80 62.48 钢段 9.73 11.56 12.54 25.79 47.98 66.65 勒洛 9.47 12.13 17.16 26.83 48.05 67.47 5.42 1.5 钢球 9.72 13.49 16.53 30.05 52.27 71.79 钢段 8.65 11.09 13.69 25.81 45.99 65.65 勒洛 8.04 13.51 19.89 30.73 52.72 70.17 6.29 2.0 钢球 14.75 21.37 25.09 33.11 49.01 65.35 钢段 12.87 16.76 24.08 34.40 53.75 71.17 勒洛 10.23 15.91 25.49 36.25 56.62 73.43
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表 3 铜矿质量累积分布拟合函数
Table 3. Copper ore mass cumulative distribution fitting function
冲击方案（高度+介质） 冲击速度/(m·s−1) 威布尔分布拟合函数 拟合度 0.5 m+钢球 3.13 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=0.80lnd−0.80ln(0.42) 0.96 0.5 m+钢段 3.13 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.05lnd−1.05ln(0.41) 0.99 0.5 m+勒洛 3.13 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.07lnd−1.07ln(0.51) 0.98 1.0 m+钢球 4.43 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.07lnd−1.07ln(0.47) 0.99 1.0 m+钢段 4.43 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.07lnd−1.07ln(0.42) 0.98 1.0 m+勒洛 4.43 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.12lnd−1.12ln(0.42) 0.99 1.5 m+钢球 5.42 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.11lnd−1.11ln(0.38) 0.98 1.5 m+钢段 5.42 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.11lnd−1.11ln(0.39) 0.98 1.5 m+勒洛 5.42 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.16lnd−1.16ln(0.39) 0.99 2.0 m+钢球 6.29 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.22lnd−1.22ln(0.43) 0.98 2.0 m+钢段 6.29 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.26lnd−1.26ln(0.38) 0.98 2.0 m+勒洛 6.29 F(d)=ln ln[1/(1−V)]=1.44lnd−1.44ln(0.36) 0.99
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