Decarbonization of Coal Gasification Slag by Oil Agglomeration Based on High Internal Phase W/O Emulsion
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摘要:
煤气化渣残炭含量高，炭灰相互制约，阻碍煤气化渣的资源化利用。故脱炭是煤气化渣资源化、高值化利用的基础。煤气化渣表面孔隙发达，目前主要的脱炭方法如浮选、油团聚等，存在药耗高、残炭回收率低等问题。高内相W/O乳液是内水相体积大于74.05%的油包水乳液，内水相代替油在煤气化渣表面孔隙进行填充，可使油团聚分选时的油耗大幅降低。研究了高内相W/O乳液油团聚分选煤气化渣，通过工业分析、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）考察了煤气化渣样品性质，同时利用激光粒度仪和光学显微镜研究了表面活性剂、内水比例和无机盐等对高内相W/O乳液稳定性和粒度的影响规律，最后对比了高内相W/O乳液与煤油、柴油及Span80−油混合物对煤气化渣油团聚的脱炭效果。结果表明：该煤气化渣样品固定碳含量为51.94%，主要脉石矿物为石英、方解石和硬石膏；碱木质素、表面活性剂以及NaCl和MgCl2的添加有利于提高乳液稳定性。相比于煤油、柴油及Span80−油混合物，药剂用量相同时，高内相W/O乳液油团聚残炭回收率平均提高14百分点，节油率可达85%以上。其中内水比例85%、表面活性剂用量25%、添加NaCl的高内相W/O乳液脱炭效果最好，残炭回收率可达91.23%。表明高内相W/O乳液油团聚是一种行之有效的煤气化渣脱炭方法。
Abstract:The high carbon content of coal gasification residue and the mutual restriction of carbon ash hinder the resource utilization of coal gasification residue. Therefore, decarbonization is the basis of resource utilization and high value utilization of coal gasification slag. Due to the developed pores on the surface of coal gasification slag, the main decarburization methods, such as flotation and oil agglomeration, have the problems of high drug consumption and low carbon recovery rate. The high internal phase W/O emulsion is an oil−in−water emulsion with the volume of the internal water phase greater than 74.05%. The internal water phase replaces the oil to fill the pores on the surface of the coal gasification slag, which greatly reduces the fuel consumption. The properties of coal gasification slag samples were investigated by industrial analysis, X−ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of surfactants, internal water ratio and inorganic salts on the stability and particle size of high internal W/O emulsions were studied by laser particle size analyzer and optical microscope. Finally, the decarbonization effect of high internal phase W/O emulsion with kerosene, diesel and SPAN80−oil mixture on coal gasification residue agglomeration was compared with the oil saving rate and carbon residue recovery rate. The results show that the fixed carbon content of the sample is 51.94%, and the main gangue minerals are quartz, calcite and anhydrite. The addition of alkali lignin, surfactant, NaCl and MgCl2 can improve the stability of the emulsion. Compared with kerosene, diesel oil and SPAN80−oil mixture, the recovery rate of residual carbon in high internal phase W/O emulsion oil was increased by 14% on average, and the fuel saving rate was over 85%. Among them, the high internal phase W/O emulsion with 85% internal water, 25% surfactant and NaCl added has the best decarburization effect, and the recovery rate of carbon residue can reach 91.23%. The results show that high internal phase W/O emulsion oil agglomeration is an effective method to decarbonize coal gasification slag.
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图 7 高内相W/O乳液的光学显微镜照片（a:Wwater=85%，WSurfactant =15%；b:Wwater =90%，WSurfactant =15%；c: W water =95%，WSurfactant =15%；d: W water =85%，WSurfactant=20% e: Wwater =85%，W Surfactant =25%）
Figure 7.
表 1 样品性质分析
Table 1. Property analysis of the sample
/% 指标 工业分析 元素分析 Mad Aad Vad FCad Cd Od Hd Nd 含量 2.23 45.19 10.63% 51.94 81.69 16.23 1.03 1.05 
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