Review on Fine Mineral Flotation: Increasing Apparent Particle Size and Decreasing Bubble Diameter
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摘要:
微细粒矿物的浮选回收是世界性难题，增大颗粒表观直径与减小气泡尺寸为解决该难题的有效途径。论文综述了增大颗粒表观直径的四种方法：疏水絮凝浮选、载体浮选、选择性絮凝浮选和剪切絮凝浮选，详细阐述了其在矿物加工领域中的应用及机理，尤其是增大颗粒表观粒径过程中新药剂的最新研究进展及应用领域。从减小气泡尺寸角度出发，以微纳米气泡在矿物加工领域的应用研究为落脚点，阐述了微纳米气泡现有的稳定性机理，为后续微纳米气泡稳定性机理的深入研究提供参考；系统介绍了微纳米气泡在不同种类微细粒矿物浮选中的应用现状；从微纳米气泡与颗粒间界面作用机理出发，详细阐述了微纳米气泡在界面作用中的角色；举例介绍了微纳米气泡浮选设备的研究进展。提出微纳米气泡强化细粒浮选的机理需要进一步明确，基于微纳米气泡、矿浆精准可控的微纳米气泡浮选设备是微细粒矿物浮选的重要研究方向。
Abstract:Fine mineral flotation is a worldwide problem, and increasing the apparent particle diameter and reducing the bubble size are effective ways to solve it. In this paper, four methods of increasing the apparent particle diameter were reviewed: hydrophobic flocculation flotation, carrier flotation, selective flocculation flotation and shear flocculation flotation, and their application and mechanism in mineral processing were expounded in detail, especially the latest research progress and application fields of new reagents in the process of increasing the apparent particle size. From the perspective of reducing the bubble size, the stability mechanism of micro nano bubbles in the field of mineral processing was expounded, which provided a reference for its further research. The application of micro nano bubble in the flotation of different kinds of fine minerals is systematically introduced. Based on the mechanism of interfacial interaction between microbubbles and particles, the role of micro−nano bubbles in interfacial interaction was described in detail. Finally, the research progress of microbubble flotation equipment was introduced through cases. It was proposed that the mechanism of micro−bubble enhanced fine flotation needed to be further clarified, and micro−bubble flotation equipment based on precisely controlling of micro−bubble and pulp was an important research direction of micro−fine mineral flotation.
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Key words:
- fine particle /
- micro−nano bubble /
- flotation /
- flocculation /
- flotation column /
- interface interaction
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表 1 常见的温度敏感型絮凝剂 [29]
Table 1. Summary of mineral systems for common temperature−responsive flocculants[29]
缩写 聚合物名称 适用矿物 PAA 聚丙烯酸 二氧化钛、氧化铝、赤铁矿（铁矿石）、高岭石 PAEMA 聚（2−氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺盐酸盐） 高岭石、油砂 PAM 聚丙烯酰胺 油砂 PAOPA 聚（3−丙烯酰氧基丙酸） 方解石 PBAAM 聚（N−叔丁基丙烯酰胺） 高岭石 PDADMAC 聚（二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵） 二氧化钛、方解石、油砂 PDMAPAA 聚（N，N−二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺） 二氧化钛、煤、高岭石 PDMAPMA 聚（N，N−二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺） 煤、黏土（高岭土、蒙脱石、石英） PDQA 聚（二甲氨基丙烯酸乙酯氯化四酯） 氧化铝、石英 PMAAB 聚（5−甲基丙烯酰胺基−1,2−苯并硼唑） 高岭石 PNIPAM 聚（N−异丙基丙烯酰胺） 氧化铝、方解石、石英、二氧化钛、
黏土（高岭石、蒙脱石）、石英、煤、黄铜矿与石英混合物、
赤铁矿（铁矿石）、高岭石、油砂PNVCL 聚（N−乙烯基己内酰胺） 高岭石、石英 PTBA 聚（丙烯酸叔丁酯） 氧化铝 甲基纤维素 锆石 
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