Effect and Mechanism of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Flotation Separation of Apatite Against Dolomite
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摘要:
以磷灰石和白云石为研究对象，采用纯矿物浮选实验、红外光谱分析、Zeta电位分析等方法，探讨油酸钠体系中羧甲基纤维素（CMC）对两种矿物浮选分离的影响及作用机理。实验结果表明：油酸钠为捕收剂用量100 mg/L，在无抑制剂CMC时，白云石和磷灰石的回收率均在90%以上；而CMC质量浓度5 mg/L时，白云石与磷灰石的回收率分别为4.72%、95.52%，实现了白云石与磷灰石的高效分离。机理分析表明：油酸钠在磷灰石和白云石表面主要以物理吸附为主，而CMC可能与白云石表面的Mg2+“桥接”，阻碍了油酸钠在白云石表面的吸附，且其阻碍油酸钠在磷灰石表面吸附的能力很小，因此CMC对白云石具有较强的选择性抑制作用；在油酸钠体系中，随着CMC质量浓度的增大，磷灰石表面电位发生轻微负偏移，而白云石表面电位出现大幅负移，说明CMC能阻止油酸钠在白云石表面的吸附，却不影响油酸钠在磷灰石表面的吸附，因此能达到选择性抑制白云石浮选的效果。
Abstract:Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in sodium oleate system on the flotation separation of apatite against dolomite in single mineral experiments was investigated in this study, and its mechanism was further studied through infrared spectrum analysis and Zeta potential analysis. The recovery of apatite and dolomite both attained 90% with 100 mg/L sodium oleate, and changed to 95.52% and 4.72%, respectively with addition of 5 mg/L CMC. As a result, the efficient separation of apatite against dolomite was achieved. The adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of apatite and dolomite was a physical process. CMC was connected with Mg2+ on the surface of dolomite like a "bridge", and hindered the adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of dolomite. The ability of CMC to hinder the adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of apatite was extremely limited, so CMC would not influence the flotation of apatite. The Zeta potential results indicated that the surface potential of apatite had a slight negative shift with the increase of CMC concentration, while that of dolomite had a significantly negative shift, indicating that CMC can prevent the adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of dolomite, but cannot prevent the adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of apatite.
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Key words:
- apatite /
- dolomite /
- flotation separation /
- carboxymethyl cellulose /
- depression
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表 1 白云石和磷灰石多元素分析结果
Table 1. Chemical compositions of dolomite and apatite
/% 矿物 MgO CaO P2O5 SiO2 CO2 F Al2O3 MnO2 Fe2O3 Na2O 白云石 21.22 30.32 — 4.77 10.39 — 0.15 0.007 0.42 0.08 磷灰石 — 40.98 38.93 1.14 10.83 2.93 0.27 0.013 0.44 0.37 
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表 2 磷灰石和白云石粒度分析测试结果
Table 2. Particle size analysis of dolomite and apatite
/μm 矿物种类 D10 D25 D50 D75 D90 白云石 2.07 7.45 22.99 42.96 62.17 磷灰石 1.46 16.11 28.31 48.60 67.52
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