Study on the Mechanism of Flotation Separation of Ilmenite and Olivine by Ternary Combination Collector based on Benzohydroxamic Acid
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摘要:
钛铁矿与橄榄石表面金属位点性质高度相似而难以分离。采用三氯化铝（Al）、苯甲羟肟酸（BHA）、油酸钠（NaOL）组装新型三元组合捕收剂（ABN），用于浮选分离钛铁矿和橄榄石。单矿物浮选实验表明，在Al、BHA和NaOL的摩尔比为2∶3∶1、pH值=8的条件下，钛铁矿回收率达90.4%，橄榄石回收率为25.9%。相比单一BHA，钛铁矿回收率提升了58.17百分点。表面Zeta电位测定和XPS分析表明， ABN在Ti（OH）、Fe（OH）位点发生化学吸附导致其表面电位正移了47.32 mV，在橄榄石表面只有少量电性吸附。粉末接触角测量结果显示，ABN使钛铁矿与橄榄石的表面接触角差异由1.01°提升至20.41°。ABN在钛铁矿表面的选择性吸附，增大了其与橄榄石的润湿性差异，利于实现两种矿物的浮选分离。
Abstract:The properties of metal sites on the surface of ilmenite and olivine are highly similar and are considered difficult to separate. A new ternary combined collector (ABN) was assembled using aluminum trichloride (Al), benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), and sodium oleate (NaOL) for the flotation separation of ilmenite and olivine. Single mineral flotation experiments showed that ilmenite was recovered at 90.4% and olivine at 25.9% under the condition of pH = 8 and a molar ratio of Al, BHA, and NaOL at 2∶3∶1. In comparison with the BHA system, the recovery rate of ilmenite was increased by 58.17%. Surface Zeta potential measurement and XPS analysis revealed that the chemical adsorption of ABN at Ti (OH) and Fe (OH) sites resulted in a positive shift of the surface potential by 47.32 mV, with only a small amount of electrical adsorption on the surface of olivine. The results of powder contact angle measurement indicated that ABN increased the surface contact angle difference between ilmenite and olivine from 1.01° to 20.41°. The selective adsorption of ABN on the surface of ilmenite led to an increased wettability difference between ilmenite and olivine, thereby facilitating the flotation separation of the two minerals.
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Key words:
- ilmenite /
- olivine /
- flotation separation /
- combined collectors
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表 1 钛铁矿和橄榄石单矿物的主要化学成分
Table 1. Chemical multielement analysis of ilmenite and olivine
/% 样品 TiO2 TFe SiO2 CaO MgO Al2O3 钛铁矿 50.12 25.36 1.86 0.21 0.09 0.56 橄榄石 0.02 8.47 43.52 0.04 47.23 0.12 
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表 2 钛铁矿和橄榄石表面元素浓度
Table 2. Relative concentration of elements on the ilmenite and olivine surface
/% Samples C 1s O 1s Fe 2p Ti 2p Al 2p N 1s 钛铁矿 22.18 57.62 6.99 10.12 2.96 − 钛铁矿 + ABN 25.06 54.91 5.76 9.03 3.56 1.67 Samples C 1s O 1s Fe 2p Mg 2p Al 2p N 1s Si 2p 橄榄石 18.4 52.9 1.7 15.1 0.2 1.6 10.1 橄榄石 + ABN 18.5 53.3 1.1 15.3 0.6 1.4 9.6
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