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摘要:
我国钨矿资源丰富，储量居世界首位，但随着钨矿资源的不断开发，导致大量钨尾矿的产生。钨尾矿是钨矿选矿过程中产生的固体废弃物，其中还有大量有价元素和重金属，长期堆存不仅浪费资源，占用大量土地资源，还可能对环境造成污染。分析了我国钨尾矿资源的现状及特点，论述了钨尾矿堆积对环境的影响，详细综述了钨尾矿综合利用的现状，主要包括有价组分的回收与材料制备等。在有价组分回收方面，通过物理选矿和化学浸出等技术手段，可以有效提取回收W、Mo、Bi、Rb、Cu等有价金属和石英、萤石等非金属矿物；在制备材料方面，钨尾矿可用于制造水泥、微晶玻璃、多孔陶瓷和地质聚合物等。最后指出了钨尾矿综合利用研究存在的问题和发展方向，旨在为钨尾矿的回收利用提供参考。
Abstract:Our country is rich in tungsten resources, the reserves rank first in the world, but with the continuous exploitation of tungsten resources, a large number of tungsten tailings are produced. Tungsten tailings are solid wastes produced in the process of tungsten ore beneficiation, which retain a large number of valuable elements and heavy metals. Long−term storage not only wastes resources, occupies a large amount of land resources, but also may cause environmental pollution. The current situation and characteristics of tungsten tailings resources in China are analyzed, the impact of tungsten tailings accumulation on the environment is discussed, and the current situation of comprehensive utilization of tungsten tailings is reviewed in detail, including recovery of valuable components and overall utilization of tungsten tailings. In terms of recovery of valuable components, valuable metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, rubidium, copper and non−metallic minerals such as quartz and fluorite can be effectively extracted through physical mineral processing and chemical leaching. In terms of the overall utilization of tungsten tailings, tungsten tailings are used in the manufacture of cement, glass−ceramics, porous ceramics and geopolymers. The problems and development direction of comprehensive utilization of tungsten tailings are pointed out in order to provide reference for the recovery and utilization of tungsten tailings.
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Key words:
- tungsten tailings /
- comprehensive utilization /
- glass ceramics /
- building material
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| 引用本文: |
李世涛, 王飞旺, 杨斌, 戴惠新, 唐冬冬, 吴志鹏, 武立伟, 陆一铭. 钨尾矿综合利用研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2025, 45(1): 127-134. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2025.01.005
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| Citation: |
LI Shitao, WANG Feiwang, YANG Bin, DAI Huixin, TANG Dongdong, WU Zhipeng, WU Liwei, LU Yiming. Research Progress on Comprehensive Utilization of Tungsten Tailings[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2025, 45(1): 127-134. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2025.01.005
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