应用电子探针研究蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿砂岩岩石学特征及铀矿物分布规律

黄广文; 潘家永; 张占峰; 黄广楠; 张涛; 廖志权; 杜后发

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2017.02.014

应用电子探针研究蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿砂岩岩石学特征及铀矿物分布规律

1.
东华理工大学, 放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室, 江西南昌 330013

2.
核工业216大队, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

3.
青海煤炭地质105勘探队, 青海西宁 810007

4.
江西省地质矿产勘查开发局赣南地质调查大队, 江西赣州 341000

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金重点支持项目（U1403292）；“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAB05B04）

详细信息

作者简介: 黄广文, 硕士研究生, 主要从事矿物学、岩石学、矿床学研究。E-mail:807334699@qq.com

通讯作者: 潘家永, 博士后, 教授, 主要从事矿床地球化学及铀矿地质教学与研究。E-mail:jypan@ecit.cn

中图分类号: P619.14;P575.1

收稿日期: 2016-11-23

修回日期: 2017-01-20

录用日期: 2017-03-18

Study on Petrological Characteristics and Distribution of Uranium Minerals of Sandstones in the Mengqiuer Uranium Deposit by Electron Microprobe, Xinjiang

1.
Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China

2.
No.216 Geologic Party, Nuclear Industry, Urumqi 830011, China

3.
No.105 Exploration Team, Qinghai Bureau of Coal Geological Exploration, Xining 810007, China

4.
Geological Survey Team of Gannan, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration & Development of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Jia-yong PAN, jypan@ecit.cn

Received Date: 23 November 2016

Revised Date: 20 January 2017

Accepted Date: 18 March 2017

摘要

摘要: 应用精准的砂岩碎屑成分定量分析，可以为源区及沉积盆地分析等相关性质提供重要依据。本文在野外观察描述砂岩宏观特征的前提下，利用显微镜结合电子探针分析手段，对新疆蒙其古尔铀矿床中的含矿砂岩进行研究，探讨含矿砂岩岩石学特征及其中铀矿物的分布规律。结果表明：研究区含矿砂岩成分成熟度指数介于0.56~1.08，平均指数为0.78，即成分成熟度和结构成熟度低，成岩作用强烈；物源为一套混合型再旋回造山带区向过渡再旋回造山带区，最后向岩屑再旋回造山带区过渡的演变过程。碎屑物源主要来源于盆地南缘蚀源区石炭—二叠系中酸性火山岩，以及盆地周边那拉提山北缘、科古琴山、博努科努山南缘分布的一系列晚泥盆—早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山岩和少量古生代花岗岩。铀矿物类型主要为沥青铀矿、铀石及钛铀矿，其次发现有少量吸附态铀；背散射图像显示铀矿物的分布与炭屑、黄铁矿、金红石等密切共生。
- 岩石学特征 /
- 砂岩 /
- 物源 /
- 铀矿物 /
- 电子探针
Abstract: Quantitative analysis of sandstone clastic composition can provide important basis for provenance and sedimentary basin investigation. Based on the observation and description of sandstone macroscopic characteristics in the field, the ore-bearing sandstones from the Mengqiuer uranium deposit in Xinjiang were studied by optical Microscope and Electron Microprobe. Petrological characteristics of sandstone and occurrences of uranium minerals are discussed. Results show that the compositional maturity index of the sandstone is 0.56-1.08 with an average index of 0.78, indicating low compositional maturity and low structural maturity. The source rock is derived from a mixed recycled orogenic belt transition to the orogenic belt, and finally to the evolution of lithic and orogenic belt transition. The source rocks originated mainly from the Carboniferous-Permian intermediate acid volcanics in the southern margin of the basin and the northern margin of the Nalati, Keguqin, and Bonukenu mountains, as well as the late Devonian-early Carboniferous Dahalajunshan volcanic rocks and Paleozoic granites. Uranium minerals are mainly pitchblende, coffinite, and brannerite with minor adsorbed uranium. The back-scattering image shows that the distribution of uranium minerals is closely related to charcoal, pyrite and rutile.
- petrology characteristics /
- sandstone /
- provenance /
- uranium minerals /
- Mengqiguer

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图 1 蒙其古尔地区地质简图 (据参考文献[21-22]修改)

Figure 1.

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图 2 蒙其古尔地区含矿砂岩显微照片

Figure 2.

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图 3 蒙其古尔铀矿床 (a) 含矿砂岩骨架成分和 (b) 物源类型三角图

Figure 3.

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图 4 蒙其古尔矿床铀矿物镜下特征

Figure 4.

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表 1 蒙其古尔地区含矿砂岩样品碎屑矿物含量及成熟度指数统计数据

Table 1. The statistical data of detrital mineral content and maturity index of mineral-bearing sandstone samples in Mengqiguer area

序号	钻孔编号	样品编号	样品深度 (m)	岩性	Q类			F (%)	L类		Q/(F+L)
序号	钻孔编号	样品编号	样品深度 (m)	岩性	Q (%)	Qm (%)	Qp (%)	F (%)	Lt (%)	L (%)	Q/(F+L)
1	4935	YL-4a	640.88	灰色粗砂岩	46	40	6	6	54	48	0.85
2	4935	YL-4b	641.30	灰色粗砂岩	40	35	5	12	53	48	0.67
3	4935	YL-5	642.86	灰色粗砂岩	52	44	8	10	46	38	1.08
4	P4907	YL-9	553.00	灰白色中粒砂岩	36	30	6	12	58	52	0.56
5	P1131	YL-10	646.20	灰色含砾粗砂岩	52	40	12	3	57	45	1.08
6	P4939	YL-17	647.80	灰色粗砂岩	40	34	6	8	58	52	0.67
7	P4907	YL-20-1	557.52	灰色粗砂岩	48	40	8	4	56	48	0.92
8	P4907	YL-20-2	558.10	灰色粗砂岩	43	40	3	7	53	50	0.75
9^*	P1511	Y-02	554.50	灰白色细砂岩	46	41	5	5	54	49	0.85
10^*	P2316	Y-15	466.80	灰色中砂岩	40	36	4	8	56	52	0.67
11^*	P1120	Y-26	414.80	灰白色中细砂岩	42	42	0	6	52	52	0.72
12^*	P5124	Y-32	482.00	灰色不等粒砂岩	43	43	0	11	46	46	0.75
13^*	P3107	Y-40	590.00	灰白色中砂岩	44	37	7	6	57	50	0.79
14^*	P2307	Y-47	594.00	灰色中粗粒砂岩	36	36	0	7	57	57	0.56
注：① 碎屑参数：Q—总石英质颗粒；Qp—多晶石英质岩屑 (燧石等)；Qm—单晶石英颗粒；F—总长石颗粒；L—总非稳定隐晶岩屑；Lt—总隐晶岩屑含量 (L+Qp)；Q/(F+L)—成分成熟度；② 标识“*”的数据引自参考文献[24]。

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表 2 蒙其古尔砂岩型铀矿床铀矿物电子探针分析结果

Table 2. The electron microprobe data of uranium mineral of sandstone-type deposits in Mengqiguer area

样品编号	元素含量 (%)																				铀矿物类型
样品编号	Na₂O	NiO	K₂O	Y₂O₃	ThO₂	CaO	SiO₂	FeO	UO₂	Al₂O₃	MnO	PbO	MgO	Cr₂O₃	V₂O₃	P₂O₅	Ce₂O₃	La₂O₃	TiO₂	小计	铀矿物类型
YL-20-5-A1	0.31	0.03	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.45	1.44	0.41	87.79	0.12	0.25	0.06	0.00	0.12	0.19	0.86	0.64	0.07	0.00	94.72	沥青铀矿
YL-20-5-A2	0.25	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.95	0.78	0.28	90.35	0.04	0.25	0.08	0.00	0.01	0.09	0.86	0.28	0.08	0.03	96.34	沥青铀矿
YL-20-5-B1	0.44	0.04	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.28	2.76	0.26	83.36	0.81	0.51	0.00	0.07	0.04	0.24	0.40	0.44	0.23	0.90	93.75	沥青铀矿
YL-20-5-C1	0.35	0.11	0.00	1.02	0.00	3.37	19.55	0.49	62.61	1.00	0.13	0.10	0.07	0.30	0.09	2.32	3.74	1.60	0.00	96.84	铀石
YL-20-5-E2	0.25	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.52	3.29	2.78	76.46	0.88	0.02	0.00	0.08	0.00	0.07	0.54	4.23	2.25	0.70	93.07	沥青铀矿
YL-20-5-F1	0.20	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.90	5.46	2.83	76.41	3.26	0.12	0.00	0.14	0.00	0.13	0.42	0.61	0.12	0.78	92.38	铀石
YL-20-4-A1	0.14	0.00	0.00	1.03	0.00	2.55	7.97	1.51	68.67	0.41	0.08	0.37	0.07	0.23	0.03	2.71	3.96	1.29	1.32	92.33	铀石
YL-20-4-C1	0.22	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.49	6.76	1.58	73.05	3.56	0.13	0.00	0.22	0.06	0.09	0.81	0.82	0.21	3.46	92.46	铀石
YL-20-4-D1	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.42	4.33	0.25	85.98	0.02	0.04	0.05	0.03	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.35	0.02	0.00	91.54	沥青铀矿
YL-20-4-F1	0.24	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.12	4.88	2.31	0.29	86.10	0.17	0.69	0.02	0.06	0.01	0.21	0.30	0.64	0.05	0.08	96.15	沥青铀矿
YL-20-4-G1	0.00	0.05	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.31	3.92	0.26	86.06	0.06	0.03	0.05	0.08	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.34	0.00	0.00	92.17	沥青铀矿
YL-4b-K1	0.74	0.01	0.10	0.00	0.00	0.60	0.28	1.75	11.18	0.13	0.00	0.01	0.17	0.05	0.28	0.00	0.13	0.08	0.22	15.73	吸附态铀
YL-4b-L1	0.15	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.03	1.63	0.19	2.57	6.06	0.22	0.02	0.06	0.16	0.04	0.12	0.03	0.07	0.05	0.18	11.58	吸附态铀
YL-20-3-T2	0.10	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.02	5.36	0.86	0.21	69.99	0.05	0.50	0.05	0.00	0.00	0.15	0.35	0.90	0.35	15.81	94.69	钛铀矿
YL-20-3-T3	0.14	0.04	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.25	1.86	0.26	58.31	0.21	0.30	0.04	0.02	0.11	0.34	0.25	1.19	0.00	25.06	91.37	钛铀矿

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