PORE WATER GEOCHEMISTRY IN SHALLOW SEDIMENTS FROM SOUTHEASTERN SHENHU AREA OF NORTHERN SOUTH CHINA SEA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR GAS HYDRATE OCCURRENCE
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摘要:
SH-CL13、SH-CL16与SH-CL17站位位于南海北部神狐东南海域BSR发育区内。地球化学分析结果显示，SH-CL16与SH-CL17柱状样孔隙水中的氯离子(Cl-)浓度及氢同位素(δD)值分别随深度明显降低和升高，指示下伏沉积物可能发育水合物。3个站位的浅表层沉积物甲烷通量很低，甲烷通量的大小控制了SMI的深浅和硫酸盐通量。孔隙水SO42-浓度变化趋势及δ13CDIC值表明，在浅表层沉积物中硫酸盐消耗均由有机质硫酸盐还原作用(OSR)所控制，甲烷缺氧氧化作用(AOM)发生在较深的层位。综合地球化学和地球物理研究成果，3个站位位于水合物有利发育区内，由此推测神狐东南海域可能发育扩散型水合物，具有良好的水合物勘探前景。
Abstract:Proper conditions occur in the southeastern Shenhu area of northern South China Sea for gas hydrate accumulation.The geophysical signature of gas hydrate, i.e.the bottom simulating reflector (BSR), has been discovered.Site SH-CL13, SH-CL16 and SH-CL17 are within the area of BSR.Cl-concentrations and δD values of pore water samples from gravity-piston cores of SH-CL16 and SH-CL17 significantly decrease and increase with depth, respectively, which suggests gas hydrate accumulation underneath.The contents of methane in headspace gas samples from the three sites vary between 10.0 and 37.7 μL/kg, indicating very low methane fluxes in shallow sediments.The depths of sulfate-methane interface (SMI) are between 28.5 and 39.5 m, and sulfate (or methane) fluxes change between 3.6 and 5.9 mmol·m-2·a-1.As we know, the depth of SMI and sulfate fluxes are constrained by methane fluxes.The trend of SO42- variations and δ13CDIC values of pore water indicates that consumption of sulfate is dominated by organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR) in shallow sediments and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) occurs in relatively deep layers.In summary, the three sites are within the potential areas of gas hydrate occurrence.
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Key words:
- pore water /
- geochemistry /
- gas hydrate /
- southeastern Shenhu area /
- northern South China Sea
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表 1 SH-CL13、SH-CL16与SH-CL17站位孔隙水阴阳离子、微量元素浓度及碳、氢、氧同位素值分布特征
Table 1. Anion and cation concentrations, trace elements and δ13CDIC, δD, δ18O values of pore water from site SH-CL13, SH-CL16 and SH-CL17
深度/mbsf Cl- /(mmol/L) SO42- /(mmol/L) Na+ /(mmol/L) K+ /(mmol/L) Ca2+ /(mmol/L) Mg2+ /(mmol/L) Sr2+ /(μmol/L) Mo /(nmol/L) PO43- /(μmol/L) NH4+ /(μmol/L) DIC /(mmol/L) δ13CDIC /‰ δD /‰ δ18O /‰ CH4 /(μL/kg) SH-CL13 0.55 545 27.5 479 12.4 12.2 53.2 86.4 179.2 16.8 81.6 3.7 -5.1 2.3 0.6 10.2 1.15 535 26.8 473 12.3 10.2 53.4 92.6 333.3 26.2 129.4 4.0 -6.6 2.2 0.7 17.5 1.75 534 26.5 506 12.9 10.6 56.5 91.5 122.9 27.2 169.2 4.8 -7.9 1.4 0.2 18.0 2.35 553 26.1 497 12.8 10.7 55.3 86.8 87.1 27.6 224.9 5.1 -8.9 3.5 0.2 19.1 2.95 535 25.0 491 12.7 9.8 54.3 90.5 101.5 29.3 359.2 5.9 -9.6 5 0.1 18.4 3.55 541 24.8 492 12.7 10.0 55.0 89.3 122.9 29.5 265.7 6.3 -10.1 2 0.3 19.1 4.15 536 24.6 488 12.5 9.5 54.3 89.9 75.6 31.2 408.9 7.8 -10.4 1.7 0.3 18.7 4.75 538 24.0 465 11.6 9.0 50.5 92.9 75.1 32.1 361.2 7.0 -10.7 1.3 0.2 17.8 5.35 521 22.9 461 11.9 8.6 50.4 91.7 64.2 30.7 375.1 7.5 -11.0 2 0.5 20.2 5.95 543 23.3 462 11.9 8.3 49.7 92.6 78.8 33.8 449.7 7.3 -11.6 2.8 0.2 18.2 6.55 532 21.1 454 12.2 7.6 48.5 89.9 55.4 35.0 467.7 8.2 -12.2 1.7 0.3 20.8 SH-CL16 0.55 541 27.7 512 13.7 11.5 56.3 91.9 322.9 14.3 67.7 2.3 -10.1 -2.6 0.5 13.4 1.15 546 27.5 495 13.1 10.5 54.3 92.1 155.2 21.3 106.5 3.0 -10.8 -2.1 0.2 20.2 1.75 540 27.2 504 13.0 11.0 56.3 98.2 129.2 25.6 128.4 3.1 -4.4 1.3 0.1 15.5 2.35 538 26.9 495 12.9 10.5 54.9 95.3 140.6 27.0 154.2 5.0 -5.9 -1 0.1 18.3 2.95 537 27.4 486 12.8 10.2 53.8 96.2 109.4 27.3 177.1 3.6 -6.5 -1.6 0.1 22.4 3.55 513 25.5 483 12.8 10.3 53.7 91.0 105.2 27.5 202.0 3.8 -7.2 -0.3 -0.1 34.2 4.15 523 26.3 502 13.3 10.3 54.7 92.5 117.7 27.9 242.8 3.7 -8.1 0.2 0.3 16.0 4.75 500 24.8 485 12.9 10.0 53.5 91.9 102.9 27.9 266.7 4.2 -8.8 -0.1 0.2 30.5 5.35 519 25.8 500 13.1 10.1 54.8 91.0 114.6 25.1 289.6 4.5 -9.5 -1.2 0.3 27.8 5.95 488 24.9 479 12.7 9.7 53.2 94.3 86.6 22.8 333.3 5.4 -9.8 -0.1 0.2 13.8 6.55 533 25.3 467 12.4 9.1 50.8 88.7 87.1 25.1 216.9 5.1 -10.0 1.7 0.3 13.7 7.15 494 22.6 486 12.8 9.6 53.4 94.4 80.6 25.1 293.5 6.5 -10.3 1.1 0.3 18.3 7.75 488 23.0 494 12.9 10.5 54.1 94.4 71.4 32.2 406.0 5.3 -10.7 1.4 0.3 13.2 8.35 526 24.6 493 13.3 9.5 54.4 96.4 74.7 30.3 401.0 6.8 -11.1 2.5 0.3 37.7 SH-CL17 0.55 536 27.5 500 13.5 10.5 55.3 90.9 179.2 19.5 157.2 3.1 -4.4 0.9 0.1 13.6 1.15 535 26.7 489 13.1 10.3 54.0 94.0 155.2 24.2 170.2 3.4 -5.7 2.1 0.2 21.0 1.75 522 26.3 476 12.6 10.1 52.6 92.1 130.2 20.9 208.0 3.8 -6.6 0.8 0.1 14.1 2.35 515 25.9 467 12.1 9.8 51.4 91.8 121.9 23.7 259.7 4.0 -7.1 2.3 0.3 17.8 2.95 530 25.9 490 12.9 10.2 53.7 97.0 131.3 22.3 255.7 4.2 -7.6 0.9 0.1 10.0 3.55 503 24.8 480 12.8 9.9 52.7 93.0 114.6 22.8 297.5 4.5 -8.3 3.9 0.1 18.2 4.15 534 25.2 476 12.2 9.7 52.5 97.2 129.2 22.3 304.5 4.7 -9.2 0.9 0.2 11.0 4.75 521 24.1 492 12.6 9.8 53.8 95.6 89.6 22.3 352.2 5.5 -9.7 1.3 0.1 15.0 5.35 512 24.2 474 12.5 9.4 52.0 94.8 89.7 22.8 362.2 5.4 -10.0 1.4 0.1 13.5 5.95 512 23.4 466 12.0 9.2 51.3 93.9 60.6 23.2 379.1 5.5 -10.3 -0.9 0.2 14.9 6.55 515 23.0 485 12.7 9.3 52.6 95.9 73.4 30.8 382.1 5.6 -10.9 0.8 0.1 23.1 7.15 515 22.8 478 12.4 8.9 50.3 97.5 84.6 31.2 410.9 5.9 -11.2 3.7 0.2 10.8 7.75 502 22.0 453 11.7 8.3 47.8 94.1 94.9 40.2 405.0 6.2 -11.6 5.6 0.1 14.0 
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