EFFECTIVENESS OF ARTIFICIAL BEACH NOURISHMENT TO PROTECTION OF THE STRAIGHT SANDY COAST AROUND YANGHE-GRAPE ISLAND AT QINHUANGDAO
-
摘要:
目前,国内砂质海滩的人工养滩工程急速增加,但多集中在天然岬湾海岸,而夷平旅游海滩的养护工程研究资料缺乏。以秦皇岛北戴河新区洋河口至葡萄岛约4.5 km岸段养滩工程为例,对夷平旅游海滩养滩后的工程效果进行分析,通过计算修复后岸滩剩余单宽抛填沙量及滩肩宽度的保存系数,预测得到养滩工程寿命约为9~11 a,局部滩肩补沙养护周期为1~2 a。分析并验证了夷平旅游砂质岸线“人工水下岬头+滩肩补沙+人工沙坝”修复模式,为夷平旅游砂质海岸养滩工程提供了一种可行方案与实测数据支撑,以期对今后养滩理论研究提供参考指导。
Abstract:he artificial sand nourishment has been rapidly adopted in current sandy beach management in China. However, this practice is often used in cape coast, but rare in straight sandy coast. In this paper, the effectiveness of artificial sand nourishment is assessed for a case of the straight coast which is 4.5 km long and extends from the Yang River to the Grape Island of Beidaihe. By monitoring the remaining nourishing sand per width as well as the changes in berm width, it is found that the best sand nourishment cycle is 9-11 a and the time to keep the berm width stable may last for 1-2 a. It is verified that the artificial nourishment is an effective, feasible and successful choice for protection of straight sand coast if the joint management of "artificial headland head + sand nourishing on berm + construction of underwater sand bar" is insisted for beach restoration.
-
Key words:
- sandy beach /
- straight coast /
- beach nourishment /
- engineering effect /
- Qinhuangdao
-
-
表 1 洋河口—葡萄岛岸线单宽侵淤量变化
Table 1. Change in amount of deposition and erosion per width for the sandy beach from Yang river to Grape island
剖面名称 单宽侵淤量/(m3/m) 剩余体积百分比/% 原始抛填量 13个月 19个月 21个月 2年 P5 134.66 +1.21 -4.55 -2.50 -11.21 91.68 P10 120.66 +7.79 +10.47 +10.28 +18.17 115.06 P14 143.65 -13.99 -14.67 -15.78 -14.24 90.09 P18 97.31 +23.07 +17.56 +16.31 +17.84 118.33 P20 106.81 -6.94 +21.93 +3.29 +27.63 125.87 P24 91.11 -21.64 -21.52 -6.90 -12.46 86.33 注:表中+表示淤长,-表示蚀退; 单宽侵淤数据均为和原始抛填砂量对比得到 表 2 洋河口—葡萄岛岸线滩肩宽度变化
Table 2. Berm width change for the sandy beach from Yang river to Grape island
剖面名称 剩余宽度百分比/% 滩肩宽度/m 原始增宽 13个月 19个月 21个月 2年 P5 24 -3 -5 -7 -13.1 45.58 P10 35 +0.5 +1 +1 -3 91.43 P14 52 -7 -7 -8 -10 80.77 P18 40 +4 +2 -1 -3 92.50 P20 45 -1 +6 +6 +6 113.33 P24 30 -3 +5 +5 +5 116.67 注:(1)表中+表示淤长,-表示蚀退;(2)滩肩宽度数据均为和原始抛填滩肩宽度对比得到。 -
[1] Komar P D. Beach Processes and Sedimentation [M]. 2nd Edition. New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1998:544.
[2] 任美锷.海平面研究的最近进展[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版, 2000, 36(3):269-279. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=njdxxb200003001
[3] 陈吉余.中国海岸侵蚀概要[M].北京:海洋出版社, 2010:1-405.
[4] 杨燕雄, 张甲波, 刘松涛.秦皇岛海滩养护工程实践与方法探讨[J].海洋地质前沿, 2014, 30(3):1-15. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/98440A/201403/49374024.html
[5] 邱若峰, 庄振业, 赵友鹏, 等.海滩养护的功效和寿命——以北戴河海滩养护工程为例[J].海洋地质前沿, 2014, 30(3)26-33. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzdt201403003
[6] 张甲波.人工养滩工程设计方法研究[J].海洋地质前沿, 2013, 29(2):10-16. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-4972.2008.07.006
[7] Farley P. Coney Island public beach and boardwalk improvements[J]. The Municipal Engineers Journal, 1923, 9(4):136. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/40682%282003%296
[8] Climate Change Information Resources-New York Metropolitan Region (CCIR-NYC). What are the projected costs of climate change in the region's coastal communities and coastal environments?[R]. CCIR-NYC, 2005: 1-2.
[9] Valverde H R, Trembanis A C, Pilkey O H. Summary of beach nourishment episodes on the U.S. East Coast Barrier Islands [J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1999, 15(4):1100-1118. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=22c239edb6a6456f7ba8e9eef496a652&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[10] 胡广元, 庄振业, 高伟.欧洲各国海滩养护概观和启示[J].海洋地质动态, 2008, 24(12):29-33. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-2722.2008.12.007
[11] IPCC. Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report [R]. Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization, 2007.
[12] 庄振业, 曹立华, 李兵, 等.我国海滩养护现状[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2011, 32(3):133-139. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzydsjdz201103017
[13] 庄振业, 杨燕雄, 刘会欣.环渤海砂质岸侵蚀和海滩养护[J].海洋地质前沿, 2013, 29(2):1-9. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzdt201302001
[14] 张宇, 刘曙光, 匡翠萍, 等.北戴河西海滩养护工程海域潮流场数值研究[J].水运工程, 2008, 7:7-13. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=sygc200807002
[15] 潘毅, 匡翠萍, 杨燕雄, 等.北戴河西海滩养护工程方案研究[J].水运工程, 2008, 7:23-28. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=sygc200807006
[16] 刘会欣, 杨燕雄, 刘建涛, 等.北戴河新区养滩工程岸线稳定性模拟[J].海洋地质前沿, 2014, 30(3):38-46. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzdt201403005
[17] 国家海洋局.2006年中国海洋经济统计公报[N].2007-03.
[18] 河北省北戴河新区洋河—葡萄岛岸线整治与修复项目实施方案[R].石家庄:河北省海洋局, 2013.
[19] 严冰, 许婷, 韩志远.秦皇岛市人工岛工程波浪潮流泥沙数学模型试验研究报告[R].天津: 交通部天津水运工程科学研究所, 2009.
[20] 王中起, 韩志远, 严冰.秦皇岛海域水文泥沙特征分析[J].水道港口, 2010, 31(4):247-252. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8443.2010.04.004
[21] González M, Medina R. An integrated coastal modeling system for analyzing beach processes and beach restoration projects, SMC[J]. Computers & Geosciences, 2007, 33 (7):916-931. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=7c03f3a04af697a65dfda04ed201aa3e
[22] 迪安R G.海滩养护:理论与实践[M].蔡锋, 曹惠美, 刘建辉, 译.北京:海洋出版社, 2010.
[23] Kana J W, Mohan R K. Analysis of nourished profile stability following the fifth Hunting Islang (SC) beach nourishment project [J]. Coastal Engineering, 1998, 33:117-136. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3839(98)00005-2
-