DISTRIBUTION OF FORAMINIFERA AND OSTRACODA IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF WESTERN COAST OF BOHAI GULF AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE
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摘要:
对渤海湾西岸39件表层沉积样中有孔虫和介形类进行了分析,共鉴定底栖有孔虫20属41种,海相介形类26属32种。底栖有孔虫分布主要受离岸距离、河流入海、潮流与相应的水深、盐度和沉积速率影响,可划分3个有孔虫组合区。南部组合Ⅰ区以阿卡尼圆形五玦虫和毕克卷转虫变种为主,代表了受淡水注入影响的近岸带河口沉积环境;西北部组合Ⅱ区为毕克卷转虫变种—具瘤先希望虫—阿卡尼圆形五玦虫组合,代表了近岸浅水沉积环境;组合Ⅲ区中优势种为具瘤先希望虫,主要位于10 m以深水域,沉积环境更近似于正常海相环境。海相介形类分布主要受盐度、水深和沉积物的底质类型与运移规律影响,并大致以10 m等深线为界划分为2个介形类组合区。浅部组合Ⅰ以陈氏新单角介为绝对优势种,代表了广温、广盐的滨岸浅海河口环境;组合Ⅱ以美山双角花介为绝对优势种,生存环境少受淡水影响,离岸相对较远。
Abstract:39 surface sediment samples taken from the western coast of Bohai Gulf are analyzed by the authors for foraminifera and ostracoda. A total of 41 benthic foraminifera species of 20 genera and 32 marine ostracoda species of 26 genera, were recognized. The distribution of benthic foraminifera is mainly depending upon the distance to the coast, freshwater injection, tidal current and corresponding water depth, salinity and sedimentation rate. There are three foraminifera assemblages. The southern part of the water is dominated by Assemblage Ⅰ with Quinqueloculina akneriana rotunda and Ammonia beccarii vars. as leading species, representing an estuarine depositional environment under the affect of fresh water injection. The Assemblage Ⅱ is mainly observed in the northwest dominated by Ammonia beccarii vars., Protelphidium tuberculatum and Quinqueloculina akneriana rotunda, representing a coastal shallow water depositional environment. The Assemblage Ⅲ dominated by Protelphidium tuberculatum, however, mainly occur in the water deeper than 10 m, more or less similar to the normal marine environment. The distribution of marine ostracoda species are mainly affected by salinity, water depth, the bottom sediment types and migration law. There are two assemblages approximately separated by the 10 m isobath. The shallow Assemblage Ⅰ is absolutely dominated by the species of Neomonoceratina chenae, representing the coastal and shallow estuarine environment with wide temperature and salinity, while the Assemblage Ⅱ, which is dominated by Bicornucythere bisanensis, indicates an offshore environment less affected by fresh water.
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Key words:
- western coast of Bohai Gulf /
- foraminifera /
- ostracoda /
- surface sediments
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表 1 研究区表层沉积物中有孔虫组合分区
Table 1. Foraminiferal assemblages in surface sediments of the study area
分区 样品编号 丰度(枚/20 g干样) 简单分异度 优势种属百分含量/% Ammonia annectens Ammonia beccarii vars. Protelphidium tuberculatum Quinqueloculina akneriana rotunda 同现卷转虫 毕克卷转虫变种 具瘤先希望虫 阿卡尼圆形五玦虫 Ⅰ wt-B1 1 397 13 0.76 27.86 5.73 37.40 wt-B2 1 540 15 1.30 20.26 4.42 53.51 wt-B3 173 16 0.00 13.87 7.51 43.35 wt-B4 167 17 2.40 12.80 12.80 42.40 wt-B5 469 13 0.00 42.61 11.36 24.43 wt-B6 1 312 15 1.22 52.03 14.63 10.16 wt-B7 1 728 14 0.46 32.41 9.26 29.63 wt-B10 1 424 14 1.12 39.89 18.54 16.85 wt-B11 326 16 0.00 18.40 14.11 33.74 平均 948.48 14.78 0.81 28.90 10.93 32.39 Ⅱ wt-B9 1 008 18 1.59 29.37 18.65 17.46 wt-B12 1 237 17 0.43 42.24 12.93 16.38 wt-B13 2 272 17 2.82 41.78 9.86 21.13 wt-B14 1 264 21 2.53 27.43 27.00 11.39 wt-B17 174 15 1.15 28.74 12.07 29.31 wt-B18 135 15 1.48 7.41 22.22 48.89 wt-B21 2 272 18 5.28 20.77 17.96 15.14 wt-B22 1 061 19 1.51 16.08 14.07 24.62 wt-B23 3 317 18 4.50 23.79 29.26 10.93 wt-B26 3 541 19 11.45 20.48 30.72 8.43 wt-B27 3 536 17 2.71 33.03 26.24 9.95 wt-B28 3 360 17 11.43 34.29 19.52 11.90 wt-B29 348 22 1.15 13.22 12.64 31.61 wt-B30 330 25 1.21 12.73 20.00 19.39 wt-B33 680 15 35.29 24.71 0.59 7.65 wt-B34 1 235 16 12.95 37.82 21.24 5.18 wt-B35 2 864 21 5.03 46.37 15.64 3.35 wt-B36 1 028 15 1.17 26.85 17.12 23.35 wt-B37 315 20 0.00 15.68 13.14 41.10 wt-B38 1 640 20 5.37 23.90 29.27 2.93 wt-B39 3 888 25 2.47 15.23 7.41 23.46 平均 1 690.77 18.57 5.31 25.81 17.98 18.26 Ⅲ wt-B8 2 152 17 1.86 23.79 37.92 4.09 wt-B15 1 152 15 6.02 30.56 38.43 6.02 wt-B16 7 723 17 12.98 14.36 40.06 3.04 wt-B19 1 096 17 0.73 17.52 50.00 6.57 wt-B20 5 360 16 2.39 38.21 29.55 0.90 wt-B24 1 888 13 20.34 12.99 23.73 3.39 wt-B25 1 696 16 1.89 26.42 48.58 0.00 wt-B31 6 624 13 42.51 10.14 6.28 4.83 wt-B32 2 699 12 53.75 11.07 1.58 2.77 平均 3 376.60 15.11 15.83 20.56 30.68 3.51 表 2 研究区表层沉积物中海相介形类组合分区表
Table 2. The marine ostracoda assemblages in surface sediments of the study area
分区 样品编号 丰度(瓣/20 g干样) 简单分异度 优势种属百分含量/% Bicornucythere bisanensis Neomonoceratina chenae Sinocytheridea impressa 美山双角花介 陈氏新单角介 典型中华美花介 Ⅰ wt-B1 546 6 9.89 53.11 28.94 wt-B2 725 5 35.29 35.29 14.34 wt-B3 49 4 24.49 38.78 24.49 wt-B4 81 8 27.16 35.80 19.75 wt-B5 209 7 24.88 39.71 27.27 wt-B6 464 8 19.54 54.02 16.67 wt-B7 1 584 4 15.15 56.57 22.73 wt-B8 440 10 22.42 33.94 25.45 wt-B9 1 864 9 27.90 36.05 21.89 wt-B10 1 387 9 24.23 47.31 18.85 wt-B11 105 6 9.52 73.33 11.43 wt-B12 768 5 15.10 54.17 25.52 wt-B13 3 125 8 30.03 40.27 21.84 wt-B14 1 317 9 20.65 44.94 19.84 wt-B17 4 2 25.00 75.00 0.00 wt-B18 31 6 6.45 41.94 35.48 wt-B19 64 7 25.00 42.19 15.63 wt-B20 5 611 8 27.00 28.52 32.70 wt-B21 1 408 10 25.38 35.61 26.14 wt-B22 1 189 8 24.66 33.63 24.22 wt-B23 3 648 11 20.18 28.07 37.72 wt-B25 584 8 32.88 24.66 23.97 wt-B26 7 456 10 24.46 35.19 27.04 wt-B27 3 472 9 20.28 35.48 30.88 wt-B28 3 440 9 26.98 33.95 30.70 wt-B29 162 11 28.40 31.48 17.90 wt-B30 73 8 30.14 17.81 35.62 wt-B33 720 16 21.67 18.33 24.44 wt-B34 1 400 13 17.14 47.43 24.00 wt-B35 1 368 17 15.20 28.65 19.30 wt-B36 284 13 21.83 26.76 38.73 wt-B37 113 14 31.86 26.55 16.81 wt-B38 552 15 15.22 28.26 22.46 平均 1 340.72 8.88 22.61 38.87 23.72 Ⅱ wt-B15 1 045 8 28.06 28.06 31.12 wt-B16 1 077 9 39.60 17.33 20.30 wt-B24 6 784 7 37.74 13.84 30.19 wt-B31 3 056 8 35.08 12.57 29.32 wt-B32 2 315 10 41.47 10.14 14.75 wt-B39 1 392 18 31.61 15.52 14.37 平均 2 611.55 10.00 35.59 16.24 23.34 -
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