Sedimentary system and depositional model of the Second Member of the Liushagang Formation in Haizhong Sag in Beibuwan Basin
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摘要:
北部湾盆地北部涠西南凹陷多口钻井已获得高产油气流系列突破，其主力烃源岩层系为始新统流沙港组二段（流二段），但紧邻南侧的海中凹陷目前暂无商业油气发现。流二段既发育有深湖—半深湖相的烃源岩，同时在主力烃源岩段也发育有湖底扇储层，因此，研究海中凹陷潜在生烃层系（烃源岩、湖底扇储层）沉积体系发育规律对今后勘探开发具有指导意义。以高精度三维地震资料及测井资料为基础，通过岩芯相、测井相、地震相、地震属性的综合分析，探讨流二段沉积体系发育规律，建立沉积模式。研究表明：流二段主要发育滨浅湖、深湖—半深湖、湖底扇及辫状河三角洲4种沉积体系类型；在北陡南缓的半地堑构造样式控制下，北部陡坡带及洼槽带发育深湖—半深湖相，同时接受北部、东部2个物源方向的供源，分别在西洼、东洼发育湖底扇相，南部缓坡带发育滨浅湖及辫状河三角洲相。海中凹陷流二段好烃源岩主要发育在初始湖泛面层序位置（ts），湖底扇主要发育在湖泊扩张体系域内（TST），反映了在断陷湖盆背景下，构造沉降因素控制烃源岩发育程度强于湖平面变化因素。研究可为半地堑型断陷湖盆深湖—半深湖相烃源岩与湖底扇储层发育层序位置及共生模式的建立提供参考。
Abstract:The Weixinan Depression in the northern part of the Beibuwan Basin has achieved serial breakthroughs with high-yield oil and gas flows in many wells; the main source rock series is the Eocene Second Member of Liushagang Formation (the Liu 2 Member for short). However, there is no commercial oil and gas discovery in Haizhong Sag that is adjacent to the south of the Weixinan Depression. Not only deep and semi-deep lacustrine source rocks but also sub-lacustrine fan reservoirs were developed in the main source rock series of the Liu 2 Member. Therefore, it is of guiding significance for future exploration and development to study the development law of the sedimentary system on the potential hydrocarbon generation series (source rocks and sub-lacustrine fan reservoirs) in the Haizhong Depression. Based on the high-precision 3D seismic data and logging data, we discussed the development law of sedimentary system and established sedimentary model in the Liu 2 Member through comprehensive analysis on core facies, logging facies, seismic facies, and seismic attributes, and then established a depositional model. The results show that four types of sedimentary systems were developed in the Liu 2 Member, which are shore-shallow lake, deep and semi-deep lacustrine, sub-lacustrine fan, and braided river delta. Under the control of the half-graben structural pattern, which is steep in the north and gentle in the south, the deep and semi-deep lacustrine facies were developed in the northern steep slope zone and the sag zone, where sub-lacustrine fans were also developed at the western and eastern sub-sags with the provenances in the north and east directions. Also, the shore-shallow lacustrine facies and the braided river delta front facies were developed in the southern gentle slope shallow water zone. The good source rocks of the Liu 2 Member in the Haizhong Ssg were mainly developed at the first transgressive surface (TS), and the sub-lacustrine fan facies was mainly developed in the transgressive systems tract (TST), which reflects that the development degree of source rocks controlled by tectonic subsidence factor is stronger than that of lake-level change factor at the background of faulted lake basin. This study provided research ideas for establishing sequence position and symbiotic model between deep and semi-deep lacustrine source rocks and sub-lacustrine fan reservoirs in half-graben faulted lake basins.
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