“Sweet spot” prediction technique for mid-deep low permeability gas reservoirs in M Structure of East China Sea
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摘要:
近年来，构造-岩性复合型油气藏已逐渐成为东海“扩储增产”的重要领域，提高“甜点”储层钻遇率对于勘探开发一体化设计的部署与落实具有重要意义。研究区低渗气藏储层厚、埋深大，内部非均质性强，孔渗关系复杂，地球物理响应特征差异小，亟待开展低渗气藏“甜点”储层的精细表征研究。以地震岩石物理为驱动，利用杨氏阻抗Eρ区分碎屑岩储层与非储层，通过分类寻优认为，剪切模量μ为洁净、粗粒、高渗透率优质储层的综合敏感弹性因子。为了削弱岩石骨架孔隙度的影响，采用高灵敏烃检因子Fρ开展烃类检测，最终结合岩性、“甜点”和烃检属性体以精细表征优质“甜点”储层富集区。应用效果证实：该方法的“甜点”预测吻合度达到86.07%，为井位部署和轨迹优化提供了重要依据，可推广至类似区块以供借鉴。
Abstract:In recent years, structural-lithological complex reservoirs have gradually become the key in reservoir expansion and production in the East China Sea. The low permeability gas reservoir in the middle and deep low-permeability gas reservoir in the M Structure of the East China Sea was studied. The study area has large burial depth, strong internal heterogeneity, and complex porosity-permeability relationship, but little difference in geophysical response characteristics. It is urgent to study the fine characterization of sweet spot reservoir in the reservoir. Seismic rock physics were analyzed, in which the Young’s impedance was used to distinguish clastic rock reservoir from non-reservoir. By classifying and optimizing parameters in seismological profiling, shear modulus was found and used as a comprehensive sensitive elastic factor, and combined with a high sensitivity hydrocarbon detection factor, clear clean, coarse-grained, and high-permeability high quality reservoirs could be detected. In addition, to reduce the influence of rock skeleton porosity, a highly sensitive fluid factor was used to detect hydrocarbons. Finally, combined with lithology and attributes of hydrocarbon detection, good sweet spot reservoir areas were finely characterized. Results show that the sweet spot prediction using this method reached a high successful prediction rate of 86.07%, which provided an important basis for well deployment and trajectory optimization and a reference for working on similar blocks.
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表 1 H3层储层“甜点”类型划分标准
Table 1. Classification criteria of reservoir sweet spot in H3 layer
储层类别 岩性 物性 含流体性 岩性 泥质含量/% 孔隙度/% 渗透率K/（10−3 μm2） 气饱和度Sg/% Ⅰ类“甜点” 中砂岩、粗砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 ≥10 >55 Ⅱ类“甜点” 中砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 1≤K≤10 ≥45 Ⅲ类“甜点” 细砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 ≥0.5 ≥40 Ⅳ类“甜点” 细砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 0.2≤K≤0.5 ≥35 气水同层 细砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 ≥0.2 20≤Sg≤35 含气水层 细砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 ≥0.2 10≤Sg<20 干层 细砂岩 ≤35 ≥7 <0.2 干层 
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表 2 H3储层“甜点”预测吻合度统计
Table 2. The coincidence statistics of H3 reservoir "sweet spot" prediction
地层 井名 地层厚度/m 井上“甜点”厚度/m 预测“甜点”厚度/m 相对误差 厚度符合率/% 符合率均值/% H3 A 158.75 43.3 46.5 3.2 93.1 86.07 B 155.95 46.6 38.2 9.4 78.01 C 154.80 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 D 164.36 13.0 18.0 5.0 72.22 E 158.00 41.8 37.0 4.8 87.02
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