Development and distribution of carbonate ramp reservoir in the Persian Gulf Basin
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摘要:
通过井震资料分析，对波斯湾盆地上白垩统碳酸盐岩缓坡储层发育模式与分布规律进行了研究，确定了研究区碳酸盐岩缓坡的沉积模式、储层发育的优势相带及发育控制因素。研究认为，波斯湾盆地上白垩统发育碳酸盐岩缓坡沉积，划分为内缓坡、中缓坡与外缓坡，内缓坡可进一步划分为萨布哈、潮坪、潟湖、潮缘滩、浅滩、滩间海沉积微相。浅滩相与潮缘滩相为有利储层发育带，其滩体的识别与预测对该区油气勘探至关重要。浅滩岩相主要为生屑灰岩，潮缘滩岩相主要为生屑云岩。地震相方面，碳酸盐岩滩体呈透镜状，地震反射具一定的前积结构，一般为弱振幅。测井相上，滩体表现“三高两低”特征。波斯湾盆地晚白垩世挤压形成的古地貌高控制了碳酸盐岩储层展布及发育程度，该认识可为波斯湾盆地碳酸盐岩领域油气勘探提供参考。
Abstract:On the basis of regional study, combined with drilling, logging, and seismic profiling, the development and distribution of the Upper Cretaceous carbonate ramp reservoir in the Persian Gulf Basin were studied, and the depositional pattern, favorable reservoir development facies, and distribution control factors were clarified. The Upper Cretaceous carbonate ramp sediments could be divided into inner ramp, middle ramp, and outer ramp; and the inner ramp could be sub-divided into the sedimentary microfacies of Sabha, tidal flat, lagoon, tidal shoal, shoal, and intershoal. The shoal facies and tidal shoal facies are favorable for reservoir development. The identification and prediction of shoal bodies are very important for oil and gas exploration in the area. The shoal lithofacies are mainly bioclastic limestone and the tidal shoal lithofacies are mainly bioclastic dolomite. In seismic profiles, the shoal body is lenticular in shape, and the seismic reflections have a certain clinoform structure and generally have weak amplitudes. The logging pattern of the shoal body is characterized by “three high and two low”, namely, high acoustic time difference, high neutron, and high porosity or permeability; and low gamma and low density. In the Persian Gulf Basin, the palaeogeomorphic high formed by extrusion in the Late Cretaceous controlled the distribution characteristics and development degree of reservoir. This study provided a good reference for the exploration onto carbonate oil and gas to clarify the development and distribution of the reservoir in shoal and tidal shoal facies.
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Key words:
- Persian Gulf Basin /
- carbonate ramp /
- shoal /
- depositional model /
- main controlling factors
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