Sedimentary environment and evaluation of oyster reef in Liyashan, Haimen, Jiangsu Province
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摘要:
为了解江苏海门蛎岈山牡蛎礁沉积状况及其环境特征，于2023年对该区沉积物进行了垂直剖面柱样采样，并开展了粒度统计分析及210Pb和137Cs测年。结果表明，江苏海门蛎岈山牡蛎礁发育底质为砂质粉砂和粉砂。C01柱样的总210Pb活度和过剩210Pbex活度两者之间的变化趋势基本相同，呈“衰减层-本底层”二段式；而C02柱样呈“混合层-本底层”二段式，其表层混合层0～70 cm有波动变化，70 cm以下大体处于相对稳定状态。研究区南部总体受到侵蚀，北部有一定的淤积。近岸区受沿岸流、潮汐、潮流共同作用，水动力较强；远岸区水体较深，潮汐作用较弱，水动力条件弱，沉积速率较小。本研究对于当地开展牡蛎礁保护和生态修复以及调整保护区边界具有重要的指导意义。
Abstract:To understand the sedimentation and environmental characteristics in oyster reefs in Liyashan, Haimen, Jiangsu, vertical column sampling of sediments was carried out in 2023, from which the grain size statistical analysis, and 210Pb and 137Cs dating of sediments were conducted. Results indicate that the substrate of the oyster reef consists of sandy silt and silt. The 210Pb activity and excess 210Pbex activity in core C01 exhibit a similar trend, characterized by a "decay layer - background layer" dual structure. In contrast, core C02 displays a "mixing layer–background layer" dual structure; the top 0-70 cm is the mixing layer, showing fluctuations in the activities, while below 70 cm, the activities remain relatively stable. The southern part of the study area is generally subject to erosion, while the northern part shows some siltation. Nearshore samples are influenced by the combined effects of coastal currents, tides, and tidal flows, resulting in stronger hydrodynamic conditions. In offshore areas, deeper waters and weaker tidal forces lead to less dynamic conditions and lower sedimentation rates. This study has important practical significance for local oyster reef protection and ecological restoration, as well as for the adjustment of the boundaries of protected areas.
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Key words:
- intertidal zone /
- oyster reef /
- sedimentary environment /
- environmental monitoring
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表 1 沉积柱粒度参数统计
Table 1. Statistics of particle size parameters of the sediment samples
样品编号 深度/cm 平均粒径/Φ 分选系数 偏态 峰度 砂/% 粉砂/% 黏土/% C01-L1 0～5 5.74 1.39 0.18 2.30 6.81 84.23 8.96 C01-L2 10～15 5.72 1.45 0.10 2.31 8.1 82.52 9.38 C01-L3 20～25 5.30 1.81 −0.02 2.19 22.42 67.71 9.87 C01-L4 30～35 6.00 1.53 −0.13 2.31 7.49 78.4 14.11 C01-L5 40～45 6.13 1.49 −0.22 2.58 5.51 79.24 15.25 C01-L6 50～55 6.32 1.35 −0.14 2.39 2.72 81.05 16.23 C01-L7 60～65 6.27 1.49 −0.32 2.64 5.12 77.58 17.3 C01-L8 70～75 6.21 1.49 −0.21 2.41 5.43 77.79 16.78 C01-L9 80～85 5.88 1.48 0.09 2.21 6.79 80.96 12.25 C01-L10 90～95 5.85 1.55 −0.03 2.19 8.94 78.37 12.69 C01-L11 100～105 4.24 1.28 1.23 4.76 37.79 59.71 2.5 C01-L12 110～115 3.87 1.15 0.73 5.08 46.68 52.49 0.83 C02-L1 0～5 2.66 1.54 1.77 5.99 84.77 13.79 1.44 C02-L2 10～15 2.59 1.08 2.34 10.63 93.39 6.09 0.52 C02-L3 20～25 3.19 1.66 1.22 4.03 74.05 23.99 1.96 C02-L4 30～35 4.37 1.92 0.26 2.22 41.46 53.71 4.83 C02-L5 40～45 4.91 1.72 0.14 2.28 27.97 66.39 5.64 C02-L6 50～55 3.41 1.62 1.11 3.71 68.63 29.48 1.89 C02-L7 60～65 5.55 1.37 0.32 2.34 8.26 84.33 7.41 C02-L8 70～75 5.63 1.43 0.20 2.49 7.85 83.38 8.77 C02-L9 80～85 5.51 1.38 0.17 2.60 8.75 84.6 6.65 C02-L10 90～95 5.43 1.49 0.14 2.30 13.57 79.32 7.11 C02-L11 100～105 5.44 1.57 −0.02 2.47 14.32 77.97 7.71 C02-L12 110～115 5.43 1.54 0.03 2.48 13.69 78.95 7.36 C02-L13 120～125 4.88 1.74 0.14 2.30 28.63 65.66 5.71 C02-L14 130～134 5.58 1.39 0.18 2.60 7.64 84.85 7.51 
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表 2 210Pb和137Pb样品检测结果
Table 2. Results of 210Pb和137Pb measurement of the samples
样品编号 深度/cm 210Pb/（Bq/kg） 226Ra/（Bq/kg） 137Cs/（Bq/kg） C01-2 2～4 51.9±3.1 31.3±1.4 ＜0.85 C01-4 6～8 48.3±2.9 30.3±1.3 ＜0.66 C01-6 10～12 54.4±3.0 28.2±1.2 ＜0.64 C01-10 18～20 39.7±2.7 29.0±1.2 ＜0.60 C01-14 26～28 45.9±3.1 35.5±1.4 ＜0.71 C01-16 30～32 50.3±3.2 43.8±1.6 ＜0.70 C01-19 36～38 49.7±2.9 40.2±1.4 ＜0.62 C01-21 40～42 44.7±3.0 41.3±1.5 ＜0.66 C01-24 46～48 43.7±2.7 38.5±1.4 ＜0.58 C01-26 50～54 44.6±2.7 39.0±1.3 ＜0.43 C01-27 54～58 40.9±2.6 36.8±1.2 ＜0.48 C01-29 62～66 43.0±2.6 42.3±1.3 ＜0.41 C01-32 74～78 41.3±2.7 41.5±1.3 ＜0.43 C02-2 2～4 40.4±3.4 22.0±1.1 ＜1.06 C02-4 6～8 29.9±3.2 23.1±1.0 ＜0.88 C02-6 10～12 36.5±3.3 22.8±1.1 ＜0.99 C02-10 18～20 31.5±3.3 25.6±1.2 ＜0.98 C02-14 26～28 44.4±3.5 34.1±1.3 ＜0.88 C02-19 36～38 31.1±2.7 25.8±0.9 ＜0.67 C02-24 46～48 36.2±3.1 24.5±1.0 ＜0.84 C02-27 54～58 31.1±2.7 24.8±0.9 ＜0.51 C02-30 66～70 59.4±3.3 32.1±1.1 ＜0.64 C02-33 78～82 40.5±2.9 29.7±1.0 ＜0.51 C02-36 90～94 36.0±3.1 26.5±1.0 ＜0.79 C02-40 110～120 37.3±2.8 28.8±0.9 ＜0.54 注：1 Bq/kg=60 dpm/kg =60/ 1000 dpm/g。
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