Grain size compositions of surface sediments and their transportation patterns in the sea areas around Weihai
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摘要:
海洋沉积物粒度综合分析可以反映沉积环境变化及沉积物搬运趋势，是海洋沉积研究的主要内容之一。本文选取威海周边海域108个表层沉积物样品，进行粒度组分、参数及粒度粒径趋势分析。结果显示，研究区沉积物类型主要是砂质粉砂和粉砂，其平均粒径介于3.14Φ～5.87Φ，分选系数介于1.57Φ～2.91Φ，粒径分布分别呈近对称偏态和尖锐峰态。对比沉积物的粒度参数和频率曲线分布特征，结合已有物源示踪结果，将研究区划分为4个沉积区，分别是潮流影响的黄河物质沉积区（Ⅰ区）、黄河物质和近岸细粒碎屑沉积区（Ⅱ区）、波浪影响的近岸陆源碎屑和黄河细粒物质沉积区（Ⅲ区）和近岸粗粒沉积区（Ⅳ区）。Gao-Collin模型粒径趋势分析揭示，威海周边表层沉积物净输运表现为离岸、向岸和顺岸3种趋势，与砂、粉砂和黏土组分的分布特征一致，形成2个汇聚中心。西部和刘公岛东北侧沉积物运移呈现离岸趋势，运输方向为逆时针；东侧沉积物表现为向岸净运输，运输趋势由SW向转为SE向。二者在崮山至泊于北部海域交汇，形成细颗粒汇聚区。相关认识可为海域规划及环境可持续发展提供基础地质数据。
Abstract:The comprehensive analysis of grain size can effectively reflect changes of sedimentary environments and sediment transportation trends, which is a crucial aspect in marine sedimentation investigation. In this study, 108 surface sediment samples were selected from the sea areas surrounding Weihai for grain size components and parameter analyses, and grain size trend analysis. Results reveal that the sediments are composed by sandy silt and silt on average grain size of 3.14Φ-5.87Φ and sorting coefficient of 1.57Φ-2.91Φ. Most samples exhibit nearly symmetrical skewness and sharp kurtosis characteristics. By comparing the features of the grain size parameters and frequency curves, the study area was divided into four distinct sedimentary zones (Zone Ⅰ- Zone Ⅳ) based on previous studies on prevenance. Zone Ⅰ is predominately composed of Yellow River sediments influenced by tidal currents. Zone Ⅱ is characterized by combination of Yellow River materials and fine nearshore sediments. Zone Ⅲ is primarily influenced by wave-dominated near-source sediments and fine sediments from the Yellow River. Zone Ⅳ consists mainly of coarse detrital sediments. Furthermore, simulation in the Gao-Collin model reveals three distinct trends in net sediment transport around Weihai: offshore transport, onshore transport, and alongshore transport, which is consistent with the distribution of sand, silt, and clay components. Two convergence centers were recognized: the first one exhibits an offshore trend of counterclockwise transport in the northwestern area and near Liugong Island, and the second one shows a net transport towards the shore, and the transport trend changes from SW to SE. The two centers merged in the northern area between Gushan and Boyu, forming a convergence zone of fine particles. This study provided fundamental geological insights to support marine area planning and sustainable development of the environment.
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表 1 表层沉积物粒度参数
Table 1. Grain size parameters of surface sediments
沉积物命名及占比 Mz/Ф σI/Ф SKi KG 砂/% 粉砂/% 黏土/% 砂质粉砂
（50.9%）最大值 5.87 2.40 0.52 1.65 30.63 74.92 24.94 最小值 4.44 1.57 0.06 0.83 5.37 59.43 8.32 平均值 5.30 1.91 0.24 0.92 12.52 69.40 18.09 粉砂
（49.1%）最大值 5.91 2.91 0.43 1.18 43.14 77.04 24.58 最小值 3.14 1.72 −0.17 0.70 3.79 38.92 14.06 平均值 5.34 1.96 0.16 0.91 11.29 69.58 19.13 
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