Techniques for detecting underground space in hidden karst region: Taking Wuhan as an example
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摘要: 岩溶地面塌陷是城市隐伏岩溶区地下空间开发过程中常见的地质环境问题，具有隐蔽性和突发性，开展隐伏岩溶区地下空间结构探测技术方法研究可以有效指导地下空间开发利用。以武汉市为例，分析武汉市岩溶地面塌陷的成因机理，提出岩溶发育程度、覆盖层厚度和结构、地下水是岩溶地面塌陷的原生地质条件，也是隐伏岩溶区地下空间探测的特征因子。通过对比分析地质雷达、高密度电阻率法、浅层地震、微动、混合源面波、瞬变电磁法、孔间层析成像和地面核磁共振法等技术方法在武汉市隐伏岩溶区地下空间探测的适用性。结果表明：地质雷达适用于浅部土层扰动探测，小极距的高密度电阻率法和混合源面波适宜于覆盖层的厚度和结构探测，浅层地震、微动和孔间层析成像适宜岩溶发育特征探测，地面核磁共振法可通过岩溶地下水的富水性辅助岩溶发育程度探测。Abstract: The concealed and sudden karst collapse is the one of common geological environmental problems in the utilization of underground space in urban hidden karst areas. Research on the detection technology and methods of underground space structure in hidden karst areas may guide the utilization of underground space effectively. The degree of karst development, thickness and structure of the overburden, groundwater were proposed to be the primary geological conditions of karst collapse, which were characteristic factors of underground space exploration in hidden karst region, on the basis of analyzing the cause mechanism of karst collapse in Wuhan. The applicability of detecting underground space in hidden karst region was compared with ground penetrating radar, high density resistivity, shallow seismic, microtremor, multi-source surface wave, transient electromagnetic cross-hole computerized tomography and surface nuclear magnetic resonance. The results show that ground penetrating radar is suitable for detecting shallow soil disturbances. Both high density resistivity with small polar distance and multi-source surface wave are suitable for detecting the thickness and structure of the overburden. The shallow seismic, microtremor and cross-hole computerized tomography are suitable for detecting characteristics of karst development. Surface nuclear magnetic resonance can be used to evidence the degree of karst development through water abundance of karst groundwater.
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Key words:
- hidden karst region /
- underground space /
- Wuhan /
- karst collapse
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