A study of the engineering geological characteristics and physico-mechanical property of rock and soil layers in the Pearl River mouth area
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摘要:
基于港珠澳大桥、深中通道、虎门大桥等工程的精细化勘察成果，分析了珠江口地区岩土层地质特性，区内岩土层可划分为淤泥质软土层、黏土粉质黏土层、中粗砂层、残积土层、不同程度风化基岩共5大层，结合区内水动力环境、沉积物类型、钻孔对比及地质剖面，将研究区划分为河口砂质沉积区、潮流型泥质沉积区、泥砂混合沉积区、浅海泥砂混合沉积区等4类。珠江口地区岩土层的物性参数特征研究表明，随着深度增大，岩土层含水率降低，快剪黏聚力增大，压缩系数减小，压缩模量增大；原状土十字板抗剪强度Cu与软土含水率w呈幂函数相关，与压缩模量Es、快剪黏聚力c呈线性正相关；孔压静力触探试验比贯入阻力ps与含水率w呈对数相关，与压缩系数a1−2呈幂函数相关，与黏性土、砂类土的快剪黏聚力c呈线性正相关，得到的经验公式可为珠江口地区类似场地工程建设提供参考。
Abstract:Based on the geological survey results along the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge, and the Humen Bridge, geological characteristics of the rock and soil layers in the Pearl River Mouth areas are analyzed. The rock and soil layers can be divided into five layers: silty soft soil layer, clay silty clay layer, medium-coarse sand layer, residual soil layer and weathered rocks. Combined with the hydrodynamic environment, sediment types, borehole comparison and geological section, the study area can be divided into four types of sedimentary areas: the estuary sandy sedimentary area, tidal mud sedimentary area, mud-sand mixed sedimentary area and shallow sea mud-sand mixed sedimentary area. The physical properties are examined, with the increase of depth, the moisture content decreases, the fast shear cohesion increases, the compression coefficient decreases, and the compression modulus increases. The vane strength has the power function correlation with water content, the linear positive correlation with compression modulus and fast shear cohesion. The specific penetration resistance of CPTU has the logarithmic correlation with water content, power function correlation with compression coefficient, and linear positive correlation with fast shear cohesion. The empirical formula can provide references for the construction of similar sites in the Pearl River Mouth area.
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Key words:
- the Pearl River Mouth /
- sedimentary zoning /
- physical and mechanical indicators /
- vane shear test /
- CPTU
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表 1 珠江口岩土单元及总体分布情况
Table 1. Geotechnical unit of the Pearl River Mouth area and their overall distribution
大单元层 土类 标高/m 厚度/m 水平分布情况 ① 淤泥、淤泥质软土 −62.6～0.61 5.2～57.6 全区连续分布，西侧较厚，东侧较薄 ②1 黏土层、粉细砂 − 0～7.6 薄层，局部、断续分布 ②2 粉质黏土为主 −58～−21 10～30 分布面积广，局部缺失 ③ 密实中、粗砾砂 −129.9～−9.78 1.7～90 连续分布，南侧、西侧发育，东北侧薄 ④ 残积层/砂质黏性土 − − 局部分布，不连续 ⑤ 混合片岩 岩面−81～−57，局部深槽−129～−74 - 未揭穿，分段连续分布 混合花岗岩 岩面−80～−65，局部深槽−127～−80 − 未揭穿，分段连续分布 花岗岩 岩面−80.7～−12.2，局部深槽−127～−80 − 未揭穿，分段连续分布 侏罗系下统 − >228 分布于两侧岸坡 
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