Analysis on the accumulation deposits characteristics and formation mechanism of Kangyang landslide in the upper reaches of Yellow River
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摘要:
滑坡堆积体特征及其成因机理是进一步研究滑坡防治及开发利用的基础与前提。位于青藏高原东北缘的黄河上游群科—尖扎盆地内的康杨滑坡属于典型的巨型古滑坡，其堆积体特征及形成机制在该地区具有典型性和代表性，具有较高的学术研究价值。结合工程地质钻孔资料，通过详细的野外调查、粒度分析等方法对康杨滑坡形态特征、形成年代、滑坡体粒度特征及其成因机理进行了研究，主要认识如下：（1）康杨滑坡为晚更新世晚期发生的泥岩滑坡，体积约为12.59×108 m3，为一典型巨型古滑坡，后壁高耸直立；（2）滑坡前缘曾滑移至黄河北岸，堆积体可能堵塞黄河，后被黄河从中部侵蚀切穿，目前在黄河北岸仍存留有古滑坡堆积体；（3）高原抬升和黄河下蚀等作用可能是滑坡发生的背景条件，降水入渗形成软弱滑带和黄河侧蚀作用可能是触发康杨滑坡的主要因素。
Abstract:The development characteristics and formation mechanism of landslides are the basis and premise for further research on landslide prevention and utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly study on the development characteristics and formation mechanism of landslides. The Kangyang landslide located at the Qunke-Jianzha Basin in the upper reaches of the Yellow River on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it is a typical and super large scale ancient landslide. Its obvious development characteristics and formation mechanism are more representative in the region and has higher academic research value. Combining with the engineering geological drilling data, detailed field investigation and grain size analysis, the author studied the Kangyang landslide morphology characteristics, formation age, grain size of landslide deposit and its formation mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Kangyang landslide is a mudstone landslide that occurred in the late Late Pleistocene, with a residual volume of 12.59×108 m3, and the back edge wall is high and upright; 2) Paleoclimate changes may be the key factor triggering the Kangyang landslide. The front edge of the landslide slipped to the north bank of the Yellow River, and the accumulation body may block the Yellow River, which was later cut through by the Yellow River erosion from the middle part. At present, there are still ancient landslide accumulations on the north bank of the Yellow River. 3) The uplift of the plateau and the erosion of the Yellow River may be the background conditions for the occurrence of Kangyang landslide, but the weak sliding zone formed heavy rainfall infiltration and the lateral erosion of the Yellow River may be the main factors triggering the Kangyang landslide.
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表 1 康杨滑坡粒度样品信息
Table 1. Information of grain size samples of Kangyang landslide
样品编号 海拔/m 样品类型 KY01 2098 阶地上覆黄土 KY02 2116 滑坡堆积物 KY03 2097 滑坡堆积物 KY04 2098 滑坡堆积物 KY05 2097 滑坡堆积物 
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