Distribution and susceptibility assessment of geological hazards in Zemuhe fault zone (Puge section)
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摘要:
以则木河断裂带（普格段）为研究区，分析研究区的地质灾害控制效应以及发育规律；选取海拔高程、坡向、坡度等7个评价因子构建评价指标体系，运用确定性系数模型与信息量模型耦合的加权信息量模型，通过ArcGIS进行地质灾害易发性评价。结果显示，研究区地质灾害发育具有断层距离效应、地层效应以及高程和坡度微地貌效应；极高易发区、高易发区、中易发区和低易发区的面积分别为46.75 km2、123.78 km2、215.73 km2、285.34 km2，面积占比分别为6.96%、18.43%、32.12%、42.49%。研究结果对指导则木河断裂带地区以及同类区域的国土空间规划与地灾防治等方面具有重要现实意义。
Abstract:Taking Zemuhe fault zone (Puge section) as the study area, the control effect and development law of geological disasters in the study area are analyzed; Seven evaluation factors such as elevation, aspect and slope from fault are selected to construct the evaluation index system. The weighted information model coupled with deterministic coefficient model and information model is used to evaluate the susceptibility of geological disasters through ArcGIS. The results show that the development of geological hazards in the study area has fault distance effect, elevation and slope micro geomorphic effect and stratigraphic effect;The areas of extremely high, high, medium and low prone areas are 46.75 km2, 123.78 km2, 215.73 km2 and 285.34 km2 respectively, accounting for 6.96%, 18.43%, 32.12% and 42.49% respectively. The research results have important practical significance for guiding the land spatial planning and geological disaster prevention in Zemuhe fault zone and similar regions.
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表 1 则木河断裂带（普格段）地质灾害规模统计表
Table 1. Statistical table of geological disaster scale of Zemuhe fault zone (Puge section)
规模 特大型/处 大型/处 中型/处 小型/处 合计/处 滑坡 0 6 19 80 105 泥石流 0 0 20 18 38 合计 0 6 39 98 143 
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表 2 灾害点分布与距断层距离的关系
Table 2. Relationship between distribution of disaster points and fault distance
距断裂距离/m 灾害点数量/处 面积/km2 密度/（处·km−2） <200 45 83.71788828 0.53751953 200～500 43 110.7142871 0.388387092 500～1000 30 129.3603065 0.231910397 1000～2 000 17 153.1572232 0.11099705 >2 000 8 194.6502949 0.041099347
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表 3 灾害点分布与岩类的关系
Table 3. Relationship between distribution of disaster points and rocks
岩类 灾害点数量/处 面积/km2 密度/（处·km−2） 松散岩土类 37 57.25807612 0.646197052 碎屑岩类 101 561.6624813 0.179823298 碳酸盐岩 4 51.48866247 0.077687005 岩浆岩类 1 1.190780142 0.839785587
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表 4 灾害点分布与高程的关系
Table 4. Relationship between disaster point distribution and elevation
高程/m 灾害点数量/处 面积/km2 密度/（处·km−2） ≤1500 58 47.29627874 1.226312123 1500～1800 34 61.81273055 0.550048505 1800～2100 33 95.51799726 0.345484631 2100～2400 14 123.1613209 0.113672051 2400～2700 2 106.0693742 0.018855584 2700～3000 1 102.444593 0.009761374 >3000 1 135.2977053 0.007391108
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表 5 灾害点分布与坡度的关系
Table 5. Relationship between disaster point distribution and slope
坡度/（°） 灾害点数量/处 面积/km2 密度/（处·km−2） 0～10 33 72.82142422 0.453163342 10～20 51 180.4059596 0.282695761 20～30 46 220.8611978 0.208275607 30～40 12 146.3258923 0.082008726 >40 1 51.18552612 0.019536773
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表 6 评价因子分级信息量值
Table 6. Evaluation factor classification information value
评价因子 分级 Ni Si 信息量 高程/m ≤1500 58 166506 1.750829687 1500～1800 34 217611 0.94906948 1800～2100 33 336270 0.484011174 2100～2400 14 433588 −0.627619424 2400～2700 2 373416 −2.424127878 2700～3000 1 360655 −3.082503802 >3000 1 476314 −3.36065928 坡度/(°) 0～10 33 255445 0.755315656 10～20 51 632833 0.283434285 20～30 46 774743 −0.022074748 30～40 12 513286 −0.954111328 >40 1 179550 −2.388638504 坡向 平地 1 1517 2.385080516 北 8 271199 −0.72159611 东北 24 351885 0.116564629 东 26 463075 −0.077977273 东南 25 360163 0.134134335 南 18 259672 0.132767678 西南 18 214302 0.324800739 西 14 200257 0.141271005 西北 9 233787 −0.455370651 工程地质岩组 松散岩类 37 210750 1.108369157 碎屑岩类 101 2067259 −0.170734496 碳酸盐岩类 4 189510 −1.010023591 岩浆岩类 1 4393 1.368111476 距断层距离/m 0～200 45 294975 1.86212416 200～400 31 272326 1.569339604 400～600 24 236142 1.455972789 600～800 11 202457 0.829720032 800~1000 7 176491 0.514992543 1000～1200 8 161212 0.73907355 1200～1400 1 154822 −1.299923793 1400～1600 3 139739 −0.098811831 1600～1800 4 129360 0.266047423 1800～2000 1 121499 −1.057553755 >2000 8 4145167 −2.507904537 距水系距离/m 0～300 54 190197 2.660820212 300～600 25 179240 1.950046678 600～900 6 168052 0.587382557 900～1200 11 156140 1.267038775 >1200 47 6512889 −1.011494271 距道路距离/m 0～300 74 594601 2.421824195 300～600 20 475861 1.336256172 600～900 14 427658 1.086383213 900～1200 6 401098 0.303203376 >1200 29 11046163 −1.436892883
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表 7 评价因子权重
Table 7. Evaluation factor weight
评价因子 CFmax CFmin 权重 高程 0.826 −0.965 1.792 坡度 0.530 −0.908 1.438 工程地质岩组 0.745 −0.636 1.381 距断层距离 0.845 −0.919 1.763 距水系距离 0.930 −0.636 1.566 距道路距离 0.911 −0.762 1.674 坡向 0.908 −0.514 1.422
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表 8 研究区地质灾害易发分区统计表
Table 8. Statistical table of geological hazard prone zones in the study area
易发性分区 面积/km2 面积占比/% 灾害点/处 灾害占比/% 每百平方公里灾害点密度/处 灾害占比与面积占比比值 低易发区 285.34 42.49 3 2.10 1.05 0.05 中易发区 215.73 32.12 22 15.38 10.20 0.48 高易发区 123.78 18.43 51 35.66 41.20 1.94 极高易发区 46.75 6.96 67 46.85 143.31 6.73 合计 671.60 100.00 143 100.00 − −
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