基于瓦斯防治工程的隐伏构造勘查与瓦斯异常区域预测

何鑫; 崔洪庆; 关金锋; 王泽华

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202209007

基于瓦斯防治工程的隐伏构造勘查与瓦斯异常区域预测

1.
河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院，河南焦作　454000

2.
河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室，河南焦作　454000

3.
中原经济区煤层（页岩）气协同创新中心，河南焦作　454000

4.
贵州工程应用技术学院矿业工程学院，贵州毕节　551700

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41372160）

详细信息

作者简介: 何　鑫（1991—），男，河南安阳人，博士研究生，主要从事瓦斯地质及瓦斯灾害防治等研究。E-mail：patriot_xin@163.com

通讯作者: 崔洪庆（1958—），男，辽宁营口人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事瓦斯地质领域的教学和研究工作。E-mail：hqcui@hpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TD166

收稿日期: 2022-09-06

修回日期: 2022-11-11

录用日期: 2023-04-17

刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Exploration of hidden structure and prediction of gas anomaly area based on gas control projects

1.
Henan Polytechnic University College of Safety Science and Engineering, Jiaozuo, Henan　454000, China

2.
Key Laboratory of Gas Geology and Gas Control in Henan Province, Jiaozuo, Henan　454000, China

3.
Co-innovation Center of Coal Seam （Shale） Gas in Central Plains Economic Zone, Jiaozuo, Henan　454000, China

4.
Guizhou University of Engineering Science College of Mining Engineering, Bijie, Guizhou　551700, China

More Information

Corresponding author: CUI Hongqing, hqcui@hpu.edu.cn

Received Date: 06 September 2022

Revised Date: 11 November 2022

Accepted Date: 17 April 2023

Publish Date: 25 April 2024

摘要

摘要:
隐伏构造勘查与瓦斯异常区域预测研究是瓦斯灾害防治工程的基础。根据中国煤矿生产法律规章，开采具有瓦斯灾害危险的煤层前，必须实施瓦斯抽放工程。通常，地质异常区域即是瓦斯灾害危险区，构造应力场和采动应力场的叠加会扰动煤体并加压瓦斯。为精准定位地质异常区，评价其瓦斯致灾潜能，提出了一种基于瓦斯抽采工程进行瓦斯异常区域勘测的研究方法。该方法利用抽采钻孔参数和施工记录，采集钻孔数据并计算煤层顶底板控制点坐标，进而利用二维投影图件及三维应力场模型对隐伏地质构造（如小的断层、褶曲、局部煤厚异常变化等）进行勘查和预测；通过分析小型地质构造周围的附加应力场，并对瓦斯致灾潜能进行动态预测。应用该方法，可以对地质异常区进行精细调查，揭示采煤工作面瓦斯地质演化的一般规律。其研究结果为高瓦斯或突出煤层瓦斯灾害防治措施优化设计及有效实施提供科学依据。
- 瓦斯灾害防治 /
- 瓦斯抽采钻孔 /
- 瓦斯地质 /
- 瓦斯异常 /
- 地质异常
Abstract:
The investigation of hidden structures and the prediction of gas abnormal area form the foundation of gas disaster prevention engineering. In accordance with the laws and regulations governing coal mining in our country, a gas pumping project must be implemented prior to mining coal seams with a gas hazard. Typically, geologic anomaly area represent gas hazard zones, where the combination of tectonic stress field and mining-induced stress field can disturb coal bodies and pressurize gas. To accurately locate geologic anomaly areas and evaluate their gas disaster potential, a gas geologic anomaly survey method has been proposed based on gas extraction projects. This method uses drilling parameters and records to calculate the coordinates of the control points of the coal seam roof and bottom, and then utilizes two-dimensional projection diagrams and three-dimensional stress field models to survey and forecast small, hidden geological structures (such as small faults, folds, and locally abnormal coal thicknesses). By analyzing the additional stress field surrounding small geological structures, gas disaster potential can be dynamically predicted. The application of this method enables the detailed investigation of geological anomalies and reveals the general pattern of gas geological evolution at coal mining worksites. The research results provide a scientific basis for the optimal design and effective implementation of disaster prevention and control measures for coal seams with high gas content or at risk of gas outbursts.
- prevention and control of gas disasters /
- gas extraction drilling /
- gas geology /
- gas anomaly /
- geological anomalies

HTML全文

图 1 隐伏构造勘查和瓦斯异常区域预测技术工作流程

Figure 1.

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图 2 相对坐标系平面示意图

Figure 2.

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图 3 钻孔信息示意图

Figure 3.

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图 4 钻孔偏斜示意图

Figure 4.

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图 5 断层、褶曲等高线示意图

Figure 5.

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图 6 煤层顶板/底板三维曲面示意图

Figure 6.

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图 7 断层、褶曲曲面磨光偏差示意图

Figure 7.

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图 8 断层构造曲面磨光示意图（不闭合）

Figure 8.

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图 9 褶曲构造曲面磨光示意图（闭合）

Figure 9.

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图 10 14171采煤工作面布置示意图

Figure 10.

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图 11 煤层底板等值线图

Figure 11.

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图 12 煤层底板三维曲面图

Figure 12.

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图 13 煤厚等值线填充图

Figure 13.

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图 14 采煤工作面地质模型

Figure 14.

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图 14 煤层底板等高线三次趋势图

Figure 14.

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图 15 煤层底板等高线三次残差图

Figure 15.

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图 17 采动影响下工作面前方断层周围应力场的数值模拟

Figure 17.

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图 18 靠近小断层的采煤工作面瓦斯浓度监测图

Figure 18.

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表 1 不同构造类型趋势面分析表

Table 1. Analysis table of trending surfaces for different tectonic types

构造
类型构造模型煤层顶板/底板
等值线示意图趋势面残差示意图

断层走向
断层
倾向
断层
褶曲

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表 2 不同构造类型叠加应力场数值模拟

Table 2. Numerical simulation of superimposed stress fields of different tectonic types

构造
类型 0°夹角断层 45°夹角断层 90°夹角断层

构造模型
开采前
20 m迎头
6 m迎头

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