Controlling influence of the “perched water structure” on rainfall-induced landslide: A case study of the Yaogou landslide in Zhushan County, Hubei Province
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摘要:
窑沟滑坡因其独特的含水层特征及差异性的渗透特征，强降雨后地下水在滑坡中排泄受阻形成短时承压水，此类下伏弱透水岩土体的滑坡含水层即为滞水构造。通过对窑沟滑坡2年的降雨量、地下水位、含水率、位移等数据进行监测，发现滑坡承压水头随降雨陡升缓降，具有明显的“滞水”特征。采用Geostudio软件模拟降雨入渗过程，验证了滑体承受承压水作用，且承压水的抬升幅度、作用位置与观测情况基本一致。滑坡稳定系数与压力水头呈现变化曲率基本一致的反向曲线。表明滑坡的“滞水构造”对滑坡的承压水头的形成及滑坡的稳定性具有明显的控制作用。
Abstract:The Yaogou landslide, located in Zhushan County, Hubei Province, exhibits distinctive aquifer characteristics and varying permeability, leading to the retention of groundwater within the landslide after rainfall, forming confined water. This kind of landslide aquifer underlying weakly permeable rock and soil mass is called a “stagnant water structure”. By monitoring a two-year dataset of rainfall, groundwater level, water content and displacement of the Yaogou landslide, it was found that the confined water head of the landslide fell slowly with the sharp rise of rainfall, which showed an obvious "stagnant water" pattern. Geostudio software was used to simulate the rainfall infiltration process, and it was verified that the sliding body was subjected to the action of confined water, and the lifting amplitude and acting position of confined water were basically consistent with the observed situation. The landslide stability coefficient and pressure head exhibited a reverse curve with a consistent curvature. It showed that the "water stagnation structure" of the landslide had a significant controlling effect on the formation of confined water head and the stability of landslide. This emphasizes the significant control exerted by the "water stagnation structure" on confined water head formation and landslide stability.
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Key words:
- landslide /
- rainfall infiltration /
- confined water /
- stagnant water structure /
- stability
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表 1 窑沟滑坡物理力学及水力学参数表
Table 1. Physical mechanics and hydraulics parameters of Yaogou landslide
材料 天然重度
/（kN·m−3）饱和重度
/（kN·m−3）天然黏聚力
/kPa天然内摩擦角
/（°）饱和黏聚力
/kPa饱和内摩擦角
/（°）渗透系数
/（cm·s−1）饱和含水率 粉质黏土 19.5 20.4 13.1 11.2 10.5 9.0 9.99×10−6 0.36 卵砾石 21.4 21.0 2.00×10−3 0.32 强风化片岩 25.5 27.0 2.50×10−4 0.06 
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