Application of pre-stack simultaneous inversion in the reservoir prediction in South Yellow Sea basin
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摘要:
南黄海中-古生代地层发育多套海相碳酸盐岩，由于其储层成因的非均质性和复杂性造成地震响应差异较大，因此, 碳酸盐岩储层预测为本区油气勘探的重点和难点。根据岩石物理分析，物性指示因子对孔隙度比较敏感，能够较好地判断碳酸盐岩物性的优劣。在此基础上通过对CRP地震道集进行优化、分角度提取地震子波和建立高精度的低频模型，采用叠前同时反演方法，得到纵波阻抗(ZP)、横波阻抗(ZS)和密度体(ρ)，由坐标旋转得到的物性指示因子数据体，能够有效地预测碳酸盐岩有利储层。根据叠前同时反演结果，南黄海中-古生界上震旦统灯影组(Z2d)白云岩、中-上寒武统—奥陶系(C - 2-3—O)灰岩和石炭系-下二叠统(C-P1q)碳酸盐岩，物性较好，尤其是位于古高地的局部发育风化壳、淋滤带、白云岩，其孔、洞、缝比较发育，碳酸盐岩储层的孔隙条件较好，易形成有利的储层。因此，采用叠前同时反演方法较为准确地预测了南黄海海相碳酸盐岩有利储层的分布范围，为下一步的南黄海参数井的钻探提供了可靠的地球物理技术支撑。
Abstract:Thick marine Mesozoic- Paleozoic carbonate deposits occur in the South Yellow Sea basin. Owing to the high complexity and heterogeneity of the reservoirs which may cause complicated seismic responses, the prediction of carbonate reservoir remains difficult to oil and gas exploration in the basin. Petrophysical data shows that the property indicator factor is sensitive to porosity and thus could be used to judge the quality of carbonate reservoir. Therefore, we optimized CRP the seismic gather, extract the wavelet from different angle and then establish a low frequency model of high precision, and upon the basis we obtained the P-wave impedance(ZP), S-wave impedance (ZS), density data(ρ), and finally the property data by rotation of coordinates, which can be adopted to predict the high quality carbonate reservoir. It is revealed that there are carbonate reservoirs in the Upper Sinian dolomite(Z2d), Middle Cambrian to Ordovician limestone((C - 2-3—O)and the Carboniferous to Permian limestone(C-P1q). And the quality of reservoir, in particular the weathering crust, leached zone and local dolomite with cavities and fractures in some areas on the paleo-upland, could be improved and become favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Facts prove that pre-stack simultaneous inversion can provide reliable geophysical parameters for reservoir assessment and prediction.
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Key words:
- carbonate /
- reservoir /
- pre-stack simultaneous inversion /
- property /
- the South Yellow sea
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