珠江口盆地阳江东凹高含CO<sub>2</sub>油气藏的类型、成因及成藏过程

马宁; 熊万林; 龙祖烈; 朱俊章; 温华华; 杨兴业; 汪晓萌

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022062201

珠江口盆地阳江东凹高含CO₂油气藏的类型、成因及成藏过程

中海石油（中国）有限公司深圳分公司，深圳 518067

基金项目: “南海大中型天然气田形成条件、勘探潜力与突破方向”之课题3“南海东部大中型天然气田勘探潜力与突破方向”

详细信息

作者简介: 马宁（1988—），女，工程师，主要从事油气地球化学研究，E-mail：mndd2007@163.com

中图分类号: P744

收稿日期: 2022-06-22

修回日期: 2022-07-11

录用日期: 2022-07-11

刊出日期: 2023-02-28

Types, genesis, and formation of CO₂-rich reservoirs in the Yangjiangdong Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Ltd, Shenzhen 518067, China

Received Date: 22 June 2022

Revised Date: 11 July 2022

Accepted Date: 11 July 2022

Publish Date: 28 February 2023

摘要

摘要:
通过对阳江东凹高含CO₂油气藏的流体组分组成、P-T相图、原油生物标志化合物、天然气组分及同位素、流体包裹体进行研究，分析了高含CO₂油气藏的类型、成因及成藏过程。结果表明，阳江东凹高含CO₂的油气藏分为3类：第一类为含CO₂溶解气的常规油藏，第二类为含CO₂溶解气的挥发性油藏，第三类为含溶解烃的CO₂气藏。油气藏中原油主要为浅湖-半深湖相及半深湖-深湖相烃源岩成熟阶段的产物，烃类气均为原油伴生气，CO₂属于幔源型无机成因气。EP20-A井原油的充注时期为12～10.7 Ma，CO₂充注时期为5.6～1.7 Ma。EP20-C井存在两期原油充注及两期CO₂充注，第一期原油充注时期为14～6 Ma，为主要充注期，第二期原油充注时期为4～0 Ma，第一期CO₂的充注时期为11～10 Ma，第二期CO₂的充注时期为5～1.5 Ma。根据CO₂充注强度的相对大小，分别形成了EP20-C井含溶解烃的CO₂气藏，EP20-A井含CO₂溶解气的挥发性油藏，EP20-B井含CO₂溶解气的常规油藏。
- 高含CO₂油气藏 /
- 流体类型 /
- 油气成因 /
- 成藏过程 /
- 阳江东凹
Abstract:
By studying the composition of the fluid wells, P-T phase diagram, crude oil biomarkers, natural gas components, isotopes and fluid inclusions of high CO₂ oil and gas reservoirs in the Yangjiangdong Sag, the types, genesis, and formation of CO₂-rich reservoirs were analyzed. Results show that the CO₂-rich reservoirs could be divided into three types: i.e., conventional reservoir with CO₂ -dissolved gas, volatile reservoir with high CO₂ dissolved gas, and CO₂ gas reservoirs containing dissolved hydrocarbons. The crude oil in the reservoir is mainly originated from shallow–semi-deep lake facies and semi-deep–deep lake facies in the mature stage. The hydrocarbon gas is crude oil associated, and CO₂ belongs to mantle-derived inorganic gas. The charging period in EP20-A well is 12～10.7 Ma, and that of CO₂ is 5.6～1.7 Ma. Two stages of crude oil charging and two stages of CO₂ charging in EP20-C well were recognized. The first stage of crude oil charging is 14～6 Ma, which is the main charging period; and the second stage is 4～0 Ma. The first stage of CO₂ charging period is 11～10 Ma, and the second is 5 ～1.5 Ma. The relative magnitude of CO₂ charging intensity show that the CO₂ gas reservoir containing dissolved hydrocarbon was formed in well EP20-C, volatile reservoir containing CO₂ dissolved gas was formed in well EP20-A, and conventional reservoir containing CO₂ dissolved gas was formed in well EP20-B.
- CO₂-rich reservoirs /
- fluid type /
- origin of oil and gas /
- pool-forming process /
- the Yangjiangdong Sag

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图 1 珠江口盆地阳江凹陷构造单元划分^[13]

Figure 1.

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图 2 EP20-A井流体P-T相图

Figure 2.

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图 3 油气藏流体类型图

Figure 3.

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图 4 原油及烃源岩生物标志化合物指纹特征对比

Figure 4.

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图 5 天然气组分判别成因类型

Figure 5.

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图 6 碳同位素判识天然气成因类型

Figure 6.

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图 7 CO₂成因类型判识

Figure 7.

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图 8 EP20-A井、EP20-C井及EP20-B井流体包裹体显微观察照片

Figure 8.

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图 9 油气充注期次及时间

Figure 9.

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表 1 油气藏流体高压物性分析数据

Table 1. Data sheet of high pressure physical property analysis of oil and gas reservoir fluid

井号	深度/m	层段	气油比 /(m³/m³)	体积系数	地层温度 /℃	地层压力 /MPa	地层原油密度 /(g/cm³)	死油密度（20℃时） /(g/cm³)	井流物组成/mol%			闪蒸气组成/mol%
井号	深度/m	层段	气油比 /(m³/m³)	体积系数	地层温度 /℃	地层压力 /MPa	地层原油密度 /(g/cm³)	死油密度（20℃时） /(g/cm³)	C₁+N₂	C₂-C₆+CO₂	C₇₊	C₁	CO₂
EP20-A	2693.5	珠江组下段ZJ550	372.2	2.2845	119.4	26.2	0.5993	0.7898	21.76	56.06	22.18	25.1	51.8
EP20-B	2160	珠江组上段ZJ320	18	1.071	95.33	20.32	0.87	0.9132	9.27	13.4	77.33	35.52	37.28
EP20-C	3271.5	文三段WC341	4472.1	0.0034	142.4	37.09		0.8098	13.21	84.04	2.75	12.7	80

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表 2 天然气组分及同位素数据

Table 2. Composition and isotopes of natural gas

井号	深度 /m	层位	样品类型	组分含量/%				干燥系数 /%	δ¹³C₁ /‰	δ¹³C₂ /‰	δ¹³C_CO2 /‰	⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁶Ar	³He/ ⁴He	CO₂生成年龄 /Ma
井号	深度 /m	层位	样品类型	C₁	C₂	C₃	CO₂	干燥系数 /%	δ¹³C₁ /‰	δ¹³C₂ /‰	δ¹³C_CO2 /‰	⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁶Ar	³He/ ⁴He	CO₂生成年龄 /Ma
EP20-A	2693.5	珠江组下段ZJ550	PVT闪蒸气	25.13	6.83	5.47	51.79	57
EP20-B	2160	珠江组上段ZJ320	PVT转出气	38.28	4.47	1.54	34.55	83	−41.41	−27.83	−6.04
EP20-C	3271.5	文昌组WC341	PVT转出气	13.23	2.27	1.62	80.20	67	−46.93	−32.50	−5.57	493	3.40E-06	8.90

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表 3 盐水包裹体均一温度数据

Table 3. The homogenized temperature of aqueous inclusions

井名	深度/m	盐水包裹体均一温度/℃	共生类型	时间/Ma
EP20-A	2494	86.3～89.8	油	12～10.7
EP20-A	2693.5	106.2～113.1	CO₂	5.6～1.7
EP20-C	3265～3280	102～116.7, 122.7～124.4	油	12～6, 1.5～0
	3271.5	102.4～117.5, 120～126.6	油	12～6, 4～0
	3280.9	96.7～109.6, 113.6～117.7	油	14～10, 8～6
	3294.5	106.9～108.3, 118.5～122.2	CO₂	11～10, 5～1.5
EP20-B	2162	88.3～96.6	油	3～0

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