The impact of different chemical leaching methods on REE and Sr-Nd isotopes analysis of sediment detrital components
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摘要:
沉积物是一种成分复杂的混合物，不同地学研究往往需要提取沉积物中不同的化学组分。顺序淋滤是区分沉积物不同组分较为常用的方法，但目前开展的顺序淋滤实验往往只针对单一类型沉积物样品开展探索，其淋滤效果是否也广泛适用其他类型沉积物样品并不清楚。本研究选取了来自长江、黄土高原以及南海的3种不同类型沉积物样品，借鉴目前应用较多的两种顺序淋滤流程以及本文改进的流程共计3种方法对样品进行淋洗，评估不同淋洗方法对样品中碎屑组分REE和Sr-Nd同位素测试的影响。研究证实1.5 mol/L盐酸会过度去除样品中的碳酸盐组分，导致部分主量元素（Mn、Fe和Mg）和REE元素的损失达50%以上，还可能会造成包括黏土矿物在内的部分硅酸盐碎屑组分溶解；酸性较适中的1 mol/L醋酸钠缓冲溶液更利于准确去除沉积物中的碳酸盐组分。非碎屑组分的去除会导致沉积物Sr同位素升高，影响碎屑组分Sr同位素组成的主要是碳酸盐组分。对Nd同位素，非碎屑组分的去除会导致沉积物碎屑组分ɛNd降低1—2个单位，但是Nd的淋失率与碎屑组分ɛNd的变化关系更加复杂，过度的震荡和延长反应时间对不同类型沉积物ɛNd的影响机制仍有待进一步研究。
Abstract:Sediments are complex mixtures, and different geological studies often require the extraction of different chemical components from sediments. Sequential leaching is a commonly used method to differentiate different components of sediments. However, the effectiveness of sequential leaching experiments conducted so far is often explored only for a single type of sediment sample. It is unclear whether the leaching effect is also widely applicable to other types of sediment samples. In this study, three types of sediment samples from the Yangtze River, the Loess Plateau, and the South China Sea were selected. Three methods, including two commonly used sequential leaching procedures and an improved procedure proposed in this study, were applied to leach the samples. The aim was to assess the impact of different leaching methods on the REE and Sr-Nd isotopes analysis of the sediment detrital components. Results show that 1.5 M hydrochloric acid tends to excessively remove carbonate components from the samples, leading to a loss of over 50% of some major elements (Mn, Fe, and Mg) and REE elements. It could also cause the dissolution of some silicate detrital components, including clay minerals. 1 M sodium acetate buffer solution with moderate acidity was shown more favorable for accurately removing carbonate components from all sediments. The removal of non-detrital components resulted in an increase of Sr isotopes in all the sediments. The main component influencing the isotopic composition of Sr in detrital components was the carbonate fraction. For Nd isotopes, the removal of non-detrital components led to a decrease in ɛNd of sediment detrital components by 1—2 units. However, the relationship between the loss of Nd and the changes in detrital component ɛNd is more complex, and the effects of excessive shaking and prolonged reaction time on the ɛNd of different types of sediments still require further investigation.
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Key words:
- chemical leaching /
- non-detrital components /
- REE /
- Sr-Nd isotopes /
- comparative methods
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表 1 样品信息
Table 1. Samples information
编号 样品 位置 岩性 Y1 31°48′16″N、121°19′35″E 黄色粉砂质黏土，重矿物以辉石和磁铁矿为特征 Y2 长江沉积物 灰黑色粉砂质砾石，重矿物以角闪石和石榴石为特征 Y3 灰黄色砂质砾石，重矿物以角闪石和石榴石为特征 L1 35°00′33″N、107°30′33″E 褐色粉砂，矿物以石英、长石为主 L2 黄土沉积物 L3 红色粉砂，矿物以石英、长石为主 S1 9°21′43″N、113°17′7″E S2 南海沉积物 黏土，矿物以黏土矿物和碳酸盐为主 S3 
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表 2 沉积物碎屑组分提取方法
Table 2. Leaching methods for sediment detrital components
Dosseto等[8]
（简称为D流程）Francke等[11]
（简称为F流程）本文流程
（简称L流程）可交换态 ①8 mL 1 M的 Mg(NO3)2，室温条件下
超声3 min①8 mL 1 M 的Mg(NO3)2，室温条件下振荡箱摇晃50 min，手动摇晃30 min 可酸溶态 ②20 mL 1.5 M HCl ，室温条件下手动
摇晃6 h②20 mL 1M的 CH3COONa（pH = 5，CH3COOH调节），室温条件下超声
反应5 min×3②10 mL 1 M 的CH3COONa（pH = 5，CH3COOH调节），室温条件下振荡箱摇
晃5 h，期间每隔30 min手动摇晃一次可还原态 ③20 mL 0.04 M NH2OH·HCl (pH = 2, CH3COOH调节)，室温条件下手动摇晃 6 h ③20 mL 0.1 M 的NH2OH·HCl (pH = 2, CH3COOH调节)，80 ℃条件下超声
反应6 min × 2③20 mL 0.1 M 的NH2OH·HCl (pH = 2, CH3COOH调节)，90℃条件下保温反应3 h，期间每隔30 min 摇晃一次并超声5 min 可氧化态 ①置入马弗炉550 ℃ 灼烧8 h ④20 mL 15% H2O2（pH = 2，0.02 M HNO3调节），80℃条件下超声反应
3 min × 2；
5 mL 3.2 M的 NH4OAc（通过20% HNO3溶解），室温条件下手动摇晃1 min④5 mL 30% 的H2O2，80℃条件下保温反应
3 h，期间每隔30 min 摇晃一次并超声5 min注：①表示淋洗流程中的第一步，后续序号以此类推。
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表 3 样品质量淋失率
Table 3. The leaching mass loss rate of the samples
样品编号 质量损失率/% D流程 F流程 L流程 平均值 Y1 25.6 18.15 19.22 15.20 Y2 21.8 14.17 16.27 Y3 7.68 7.2 6.7 L1 25.35 26.37 21.69 23.73 L2 24.45 23.77 22.49 L3 20.44 24.08 24.97 S1 51.05 35.48 33.98 47.24 S2 62.37 46.11 43.53 S3 62.05 45.62 44.96
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