Grain-size endmember and transport trends of surface sediment near the Hong Kong-Zhuhai -Macao Bridge
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摘要:
对港珠澳大桥海域2021年5月采集的57个表层沉积物样品进行了粒度分析，联合粒度端元解析和粒径趋势分析技术，探讨了各端元组成的来源和控制因素。结果表明，表层沉积物的平均粒径为1.95～7.45 Φ，以泥质粉砂和砂质粉砂类型为主，可划分为3个粒度端元：泥质端元1和细粉砂端元2主要分布于大桥西北部，端元1呈现向西南运移趋势；粗粉砂或细砂端元3主要分布于大桥东南部，呈现向西北运移趋势。端元1和端元2分布和运移趋势与悬浮物基本一致，主要受径流泥沙输入影响；端元3主要分布于悬浮物浓度低值区，受潮流动力影响较大；大桥建设前后表层沉积物呈现明显的粗化趋势，可能主要与近年来伶仃洋径流泥沙输入量降低和潮流动力增强有关。
Abstract:Grain size analysis was conducted on 57 surface sediment samples collected in the waters of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in May 2021. The sources and controlling factors of each end-member composition were discussed by combining grain size end-member analysis and grain size trend analysis techniques. Results show that the average particle size of the surface sediments was 1.95～7.45Φ, mainly muddy silt and sandy silt types, and could be divided into three particle size end-members: muddy end-member (M1), fine silt end-member (M2), and coarse silt or fine sand end-member (M3). M2 and M3 were mainly distributed in the northwest of the bridge, and M1 showed a trend of migrating to the southwest. M3 was mainly distributed in the southeast of the bridge, showing a trend of migrating to the northwest. The distribution and migration trends of M1 and M2 are mostly consistent with those of suspended matter, being mainly affected by runoff sediment input. M3 is mainly distributed in low suspended-matter concentration area and was greatly affected by tidal dynamics. The surface sediments before and after the construction of the bridge showed an obvious coarsening trend, which may be mainly related to the reduction of runoff sediment input and the enhancement of tidal dynamics in the Lingding Yang (Bay) in recent years.
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