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摘要:
在全球能源结构迅速向低碳甚至无碳转型的背景下，天然气水合物作为一种清洁能源，凭借其巨大的能源潜力，已成为能源领域内重要的关注对象和研究热点，而其中的海洋浅表层天然气水合物由于埋藏浅、易开采、环境敏感等诸多特点备受关注。本文概述了当前浅表层天然气水合物的成藏体系方面的最新研究成果，剖析了其成藏过程中的地质作用、气体来源、运移通道、储层特征等关键控制因素，阐明了全球典型浅表层天然气水合物藏的分布和特征，探讨了浅表层天然气水合物在海洋碳循环和深海生境塑造过程中的重要作用，以及其在水合物产业化的重要前景，最后展望了海洋浅表层天然气水合物系统未来的研究思路和方向，希望能引起公众和学界对这种特殊类型能源的重视，从而加强全社会对天然气水合物产业化的关注与兴趣。
Abstract:In the process of accelerating the global transition towards a low-carbon energy framework, natural gas hydrates, as a clean energy source with enormous energy potential, have become a core research area in the energy field. In the accelerated global move towards a low-carbon energy framework, natural gas hydrates, as a clean energy source with enormous energy potential, have become a core research area in the energy field. In particular, shallow marine natural gas hydrates have garnered significant interest due to their shallow depth, easy mining, sensitive to environmental conditions, and other attributes. In this study, we reviewed the latest research findings on the characteristics of shallow marine natural gas hydrate systems and examined the critical factors that influence their formation, including geological processes, gas sources, migration pathways, and reservoir properties. We also clarified the distribution characteristics of typical shallow natural gas hydrate deposits in the world and explored their critical roles of play in the oceanic carbon cycling and the shaping of deep-sea ecosystems. Furthermore, we discussed the promising prospects for the commercial development of shallow natural gas hydrates, and looked ahead the future research ideas and plans, to highlight this special potential energy resource and enhance the societal awareness and interest in the industrial exploitation of natural gas hydrates.
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