Geochemical characteristics of trace elements in marine surface sediments of Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin
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摘要: 为了揭示横琴粤澳深度合作区海域表层沉积物微量元素的地球化学特征,对合作区表层沉积物粒度和14种微量元素进行测试分析,结合元素相关性分析和因子分析,对沉积物中微量元素的分布、来源及其控制因素进行探讨,并对重金属元素的潜在生态风险进行评价。①合作区表层沉积物类型主要有砂(S)、泥质砂(mS)、砂质粉砂(sZ)、粉砂(Z)和泥(M)5种; ②合作区海域表层沉积物中Zn、V、Cr、Zr、Ba含量相对偏高,平均值均大于100×10-6,其中Ba含量最高,平均值为431.13×10-6,Cd含量最低,平均值为0.73×10-6,其余元素含量平均值为(15.95~83.03)×10-6,与珠江沉积物相比,合作区沉积物明显富集重金属元素Cd、Pb、Zn、As和Cu; ③陆域岩石自然风化释放和人为活动排放作用是合作区沉积物微量元素的主要来源,沉积物中Sc、Co、Ni、Ga等元素含量的变化主要受控于沉积水动力环境,重金属元素Ba、Cd含量变化受控于人类活动,Pb、Zn含量变化则受自然来源和人为活动共同影响; ④合作区表层沉积物重金属元素潜在生态风险指数平均值为140.79,总体上较为严重,主要由Cd引起,应加强对Cd的监测。研究成果可为合作区海岸带可持续发展及环境保护和治理提供科学依据。Abstract: In order to reveal the geochemical characteristics of trace elements in marine surface sediments in Guangdong-Macao in-depth cooperation zone in Hengqin, the authors analyzed the grain size of surface sediments and 14 trace elements. The distribution, source and control factors of trace elements in surface sediments were discussed, combined with element correlation analysis and factor analysis, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metal elements were evaluated. The results are as follows. ① There are five types of surface sediments in the cooperation zone, including sand (S), muddy sand (mS), sandy silt (sZ), silt (Z) and mud (M). ② The content of Zn, V, Cr and Ba in surface sediments of the cooperation zone is relatively high, with an average of more than 100×10-6. The content of Ba is the highest with an average of 431.13×10-6, and content of Cd is the lowest with an average of 0.73×10-6. The average content of other elements is between 15.95×10-6 to 83.03×10-6. The surface sediments in the cooperation zone are enriched in the heavy metals, such as Cd, Pb, Zn, As, and Cu, compared with the sediments in Pearl River. ③ Natural weathering of land rock and artificial discharge are the main source of the trace elements in surface sediments of the cooperation zone. The content variation of Sc, Co, Ni and Ga are mainly controlled by sedimentary hydrodynamic environment, while the content variation of Ba and Cd are controlled by human activities. And the contents variation of Pb and Zn are influenced by both natural source and human activities. ④ The average potential ecological risk index of heavy metals in surface sediments in the cooperation zone is 140.79, in generally serious state. This is mainly caused by Cd, indicating the monitoring of Cd should be strengthened. The research results could provide scientific basis for the sustainable development, environmental protection and governance of Guangdong-Macao in-depth cooperation zone in Hengqin.
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