Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in different land use types at the southern foot of Taihang Mountains
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摘要:
太行山南麓济源段是黄河流域地形地貌、植被类型较为特殊的地区，估算和对比该区域不同土地利用类型的土壤物理性质、土壤有机碳密度，对于合理利用土地、土壤碳库管理等均有指导意义。以侧柏林、刺槐林、栓皮栎林、经济林、耕地、荒地的(0, 40] cm表层土壤为研究对象，通过野外调查取样和室内实验分析，对比分析不同土地利用类型的土壤容重、土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon, SOC)含量和土壤有机碳密度(soil organic carbon density, SOCD)垂向分布特征，并进一步分析土壤物理性质与有机碳的相关性。6种土地利用类型(0, 40] cm表层SOC均值变化范围为9.46×10-3~15.13×10-3，平均含量最低的为耕地，最高为侧柏林; SOCD均值为1.33~2.27 kg/m2，平均值最低的为经济林，最高为荒地。不同土地利用类型和不同深度的SOC含量、SOCD均表现为变异特征。除耕地和经济林外，SOC含量和SOCD均随着深度增加而减小，(0, 10] cm土层SOCD明显高于剖面其他层位。SOC含量与SOCD呈显著正相关，与土壤含水量呈负相关。土地利用类型的不同影响土壤碳源的输入，进而影响土壤物理性质、SOC含量和SOCD。研究成果可为该区土壤碳汇评估提供参考依据。
Abstract:Jiyuan section on the southern slope of Taihang Mountains is an area with relatively special topography, landforms and vegetation types in the Yellow River Basin. Estimating and comparing the soil physical properties and organic carbon density of different land use types in this area is of great guiding significance for rational land use and soil carbon pool management. By taking the(0, 40] cm surface soil of Platycladus orientalis forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Quercus variabilis forest, economic forest, cultivated land and wasteland as the research objects, and through field investigation and sampling and indoor laboratory analysis, the authors compared and analyzed the vertical distribution characteristics of soil bulk density, organic carbon content (SOC) and soil organic carbon density (SOCD) of different land use types, and further analyzed the correlation between soil physical properties and organic carbon. The average range of organic carbon content of (0, 40] cm surface soil in six land use types is 9.46×10-3~15.13×10-3, and the average content is the lowest in cultivated land and the highest in wasteland. The average range of soil organic carbon density is between 1.33~2.27 kg/m-2, and the average value is the lowest in economic forest and the highest in wasteland. Both the soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon density of different land use types and different depths show variation characteristics. The soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon density decrease with the increase of depth, except cultivated land and economic forest. The soil organic carbon density in the (0, 10] cm soil layer is significantly higher than that in other layers of the profile. The soil organic carbon content is positively correlated with soil organic carbon density and negatively correlated with soil water content. Different land use types could affect the input of soil carbon sources, and thus affect soil physical properties, soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon density. The research results could provide references for soil carbon sink assessment in this area.
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表 1 不同土地利用类型SOC含量
Table 1. Soil organic carbon content of different land use types
土地利用方式 SOC含量/10-3 变异系数/% (0, 10] cm (10, 20] cm (20, 30] cm (30, 40] cm 均值 侧柏林 21.03±5.84aA 13.76±3.31bA 13.10±2.54bAB 11.20±1.94bAB 15.13 29.18 刺槐林 21.02±3.48aA 12.16±2.02bAB 11.47±2.66bAB 9.61±0.72bAB 13.16 37.49 栓皮栎林 24.28±6.64aA 10.96±1.96bAB 11.66±2.06bAB 10.72±1.42bAB 13.77 45.79 经济林 11.45±3.61aA 9.00±2.11aB 14.92±2.69B 10.71±1.77aAB 11.29 21.60 耕地 8.68±1.69aB 11.20±0.49aA 9.32±1.50aA 6.48±4.55aA 9.46 21.82 荒地 15.53±12.87aA 17.31±5.25aC 13.12±1.75aAB 13.08±1.34aB 14.76 13.89 变异系数/% 37.14 31.76 23.24 12.44 26.42 注：同行数据后凡具有一个相同小写字母者表示同一土地利用类型、不同土层之间的差异不显著(P＞0.05, Duncan's法); 同列数据后凡具有一个相同大写字母者表示同一土层、不同土地利用类型之间的差异不显著(P＞0.05, Duncan's法) 
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表 2 不同土地利用类型土壤容重
Table 2. Soil bulk density of different land use types
土地利用方式 土壤容重/10-3 (0, 10] cm (10, 20] cm (20, 30] cm (30, 40] cm 均值 侧柏林 1.24aA 1.37bA 1.44bA 1.41bA 1.37 刺槐林 1.11aA 1.35bA 1.52bAB 1.52bA 1.38 栓皮栎林 1.22aA 1.47abA 1.47abA 1.56bA 1.43 经济林 1.38aB 1.49aA 1.54aAB 1.57aA 1.50 耕地 1.53aB 1.53aA 1.65aB 1.64aA 1.59 荒地 1.46aB 1.55aA 1.57aAB 1.55aA 1.53 注：同行数据后凡具有一个相同小写字母者表示同一土地利用类型、不同土层之间的差异不显著(P＞0.05, Duncan's法); 同列数据后凡具有一个相同大写字母者表示同一土层、不同土地利用类型之间的差异不显著(P＞0.05, Duncan's法)
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表 3 研究区土壤参数的相关性
Table 3. Correlation of soil parameters in the study area
SOC含量 SOCD 土壤容重 土壤含水量 毛管持水量 总孔隙度 毛管孔隙度 非毛管孔隙度 SOC含量 1 SOCD 0.932** 1 土壤容重 -0.243 -0.040 1 土壤含水量 -0.450* -0.202 0.346 1 毛管持水量 0.162 0.080 -0.740** 0.065 1 总孔隙度 0.064 0.054 -0.446* 0.192 0.743** 1 毛管孔隙度 -0.013 0.053 -0.184 0.403* 0.751** 0.701** 1 非毛管孔隙度 0.096 -0.007 -0.294 -0.311 -0.111 0.270 -0.497** 1 注: **在0.01级别(双尾)，相关性显著; *在0.05级别(双尾)，相关性显著。
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