Analysis of rock and soil mass bearing capacity and engineering geological zoning in the spatial development main axis area of Liaoyang
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摘要:
地质环境是决定城镇规划及城镇用地选择的主要因素，深入认识、分析岩土地层结构特征可为地下空间开发利用打下坚实基础。按地层成因、岩性、岩土体工程地质性质等因素，辽阳空间发展主轴区岩土体可划分为人工填土层、黏性土层、粉土层、砂土层、卵砾石层、泥岩层、页岩层和灰岩层8个基本类型，其中黏性土层、粉土层、砂土层及卵砾石层为主要岩土体类型。通过分析岩土体地质结构特征，按照“平面分区、垂向评价”的原则，从表层[0，5) m、浅层[5，10) m、中层[10，30) m、深层[30，50) m 4个不同深度范围，对岩土体承载力进行了评价，并划分了工程地质分区(3个工程地质区、5个亚区)，提出了对应的工程建设建议。研究成果可为未来辽阳空间发展主轴区地下和地上空间开发提供地学依据，为城镇发展规划提供重要服务支撑。
Abstract:Geological environment is the primary factor determining urban planning and land use selection. A deep understanding and analysis of the rock and soil stratigraphic characteristics in a region can lay a solid foundation for the development and utilization of its underground space. The strata in the spatial development main axis area of Liaoyang can be divided into eight basic types according to the formation causes, lithology, and engineering geological properties of the rock and soil mass, including artificial fill layers, clay layers, silty soil layers, sand layers, gravel layers, mudstone layers, shale layers, and limestone layers. Among these layers, the clay layers, silty soil layers, sand layers, and gravel layers are the main rock and soil masses. By analyzing the geological structure characteristics of the rock and soil masses, following the principle of "planar zoning and vertical evaluation", the authors evaluated the bearing capacity of rock and soil mass from four different depth ranges, including surface layer [0, 5) m, shallow layer [5, 10) m, middle layer [10, 30) m, and deep layer [30, 50) m. Besides, the engineering geological zones (3 engineering geological zones and 5 sub-zones) were divided, and the corresponding engineering construction suggestions were put forward. The research results could provide geological basis for future development of underground and above-ground space in the spatial development main axis area of Liaoyang, and provide important service support for urban planning and development.
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表 1 研究区黏性土及粉土物理力学指标统计
Table 1. Statistics of physical and mechanical indices of clay and silty soil in the study area
物理力学指标 含水率/% 湿密度/(g·cm-3) 天然重度/(kN·m-3) 土粒比重 饱和度/% 孔隙率/% 孔隙比 黏性土层 黏土 坚硬-硬塑状黏土 17.50~30.50 1.88~2.09 18.44~20.50 2.70~2.75 84.00~99.00 36.30~46.80 0.57~0.88 可塑状黏土 22.00~33.50 1.85~2.08 18.14~20.40 2.74~2.75 85.00~99.90 37.90~48.10 0.61~0.93 粉质黏土 坚硬-硬塑状粉质黏土 19.60~26.10 1.96~2.07 19.22~20.30 2.71~2.74 85.90~98.90 36.80~42.00 0.58~0.72 可塑状粉质黏土 16.70~31.90 1.80~2.13 17.65~20.89 2.66~2.74 72.40~98.80 33.00~49.90 0.49~1.00 软塑性黏土及淤泥质土 26.50~44.80 1.63~1.93 1.76~18.93 2.71~2.76 76.00~99.70 44.50~58.30 0.80~1.40 粉土层 14.80~29.20 1.77~2.05 17.36~20.10 2.70~2.78 77.00~99.10 33.90~48.70 0.51~0.95 黏性土层 黏土 坚硬-硬塑状黏土 0.52~0.86 9.60~21.50 -0.15~0.34 0.07~0.24 7.30~23.30 21.20~69.50 8.50°~22.40° 可塑状黏土 0.58~0.83 17.10~20.20 0.06~0.56 0.16~0.55 3.30~9.90 31.10~59.20 10.20°~14.20° 粉质黏土 坚硬-硬塑状粉质黏土 0.47~0.68 10.40~16.60 0.01~0.64 0.10~0.22 7.80~15.30 24.20~42.30 13.60°~19.10° 可塑状粉质黏土 0.42~0.84 0.18~16.80 0.03~14.90 0.12~0.83 2.40~14.20 4.50~40.50 11.10°~21.80° 软塑性黏土及淤泥质土 0.68~1.30 9.80~29.00 0.02~1.38 0.27~1.47 1.50~7.90 6.80~48.30 7.60°~37.00° 粉土层 0.47~0.90 -0.14~9.80 0.04~18.30 0.20~0.60 3.10~8.30 2.80~26.40 13.90°~41.60° 
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表 2 研究区表层岩土体地层岩性及承载力
Table 2. Lithology and bearing capacity of the surface rock and soil mass in the study area
地层岩性 标贯击数/击 动探击数/击 地基承载力/kPa 人工填土 3~8 - 80~120 粉质黏土 6~13 - 90~130 粉土 7~13 - 90~140 粉细砂 11~16 - 120~150 卵砾石 - 21~24 350~600 注: “-”表示无数据。
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表 3 研究区浅层岩土体地层岩性及承载力
Table 3. Lithology and bearing capacity of shallow rock and soil mass in the study area
地层岩性 标贯击数/击 动探击数/击 地基承载力/kPa 粉质黏土 6~12 - 140~200 粉土 7~14 - 90~140 粉细砂 12~15 - 120~200 卵砾石 - 22~25 300~500 注: “-”表示无数据。
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表 4 研究区中层岩土体地层岩性及承载力
Table 4. Lithology and bearing capacity of the middle rock and soil mass in the study area
地层岩性 标贯击数/击 动探击数/击 地基承载力/kPa 粉质黏土 10~22 - 130~220 粉细砂 12~16 - 150~200 卵砾石 - 24~30 300~600 注: “-”表示无数据。
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表 5 研究区深层岩土体地层岩性及承载力
Table 5. Lithology and bearing capacity of the deep strata rock and soil mass in the study area
地层岩性 标贯击数/击 动探击数(修正后)/击 地基承载力/kPa 含砾细砂 - 9~12 ＞200 含砾中砂 - 12~14 ＞200 卵砾石 - 32~39 [500, 900] 粉质黏土 11~20 - [220, 320] 注: “-”表示无数据。
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