Development law of shallow karst in a rock slope based on equivalent antimagnetic transient electromagnetic method
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摘要:
边坡赋存溶蚀空间的不确定性和非均质性是影响岩质边坡稳定性的重要因素。首先，从破坏岩体结构完整性、水文地质条件变化、岩体应力分布不均3方面分析了岩溶发育对岩质边坡稳定性的影响机理。然后，以山西某场地岩质边坡为例，在系统分析场地边坡工程地质条件的基础上，采用HPTEM-18型高精度等值反磁通瞬变电磁系统设计并实施了6条物探测线，设置采集频率为12.5 Hz，叠加300次，重复2次。由探测和解译成果可以看出: 边坡上部岩体风化严重、裂隙发育，下部岩体较为完整，边坡基岩上部岩溶现象较为普遍，未见构造集中发育带，未见明显富水区域。钻探验证结果表明物探解译的异常区岩心破碎，裂隙泥质充填，伴有突然掉钻现象，证明物探解译的岩溶发育区准确，可满足工程设计要求。研究成果可为该类型岩溶发育岩质边坡的稳定性评价提供重要的借鉴和参考。
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关键词:
- 等值反磁通瞬变电磁法 /
- 岩质边坡 /
- 岩溶发育 /
- 边坡稳定性 /
- 数据解译
Abstract:The uncertainty and heterogeneity of karst dissolution occurrence space in slope are important factors affecting the stability of rock slope. First, the impact mechanism of karst development on the stability of rock slopes was analyzed from three aspects, that is damage to the integrity of rock structure, changes in hydrogeological conditions, and uneven distribution of rock stress. Then, a rock slope in a site in Shanxi Province was taken as an example. On the basis of the systematic analysis of the engineering geological conditions of the slope, the HPTEM-18 high-precision equivalent antimagnetic transient electromagnetic system was used to design and implement 6 geophysical detection lines with the acquisition frequency of 12.5 Hz, superimposing time of 300, and repeating time of 2. According to the detection and interpretation results, it could be seen that the upper part of the slope was seriously weathered with developed fractures, while the lower part of the slope was relatively intact. Karst phenomena were common in the upper part of the bedrock, and the structural concentrated development zone and water-rich area were not seen. The drilling verification results show that the rock cores in the abnormal area interpreted by geophysical exploration were broken, and the fissures were filled with mud. The sudden drop of drilling indicated that the karst development area interpreted by geophysical exploration was accurate and could meet the requirements of engineering design. The research results could provide important reference and guidance for the stability evaluation of karst developed rock slope of this type.
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表 1 研究区素填土、粉质黏土、碎石土物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of plain fill, silty clay, and gravelly soil in the study area
地层 地基承载力特征值/kPa 天然重度/
(kN·m-3)压缩模量/
MPa黏聚力/
kPa内摩擦角/(°) 素填土 / 18.0 / / / 粉质黏土 150 19.0 10.0 25.0 21.0 碎石土 300 20.5 30.0 0.0 25.0 注: “/”为无数据。 
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表 2 研究区强风化灰岩、中风化灰岩物理力学参数
Table 2. Physical and mechanical parameters of highly weathered limestone and moderately weathered limestone in the study area
地层 天然重度/ (kN·m-3) 压缩模量/ MPa 地基承载力特征值/kPa 泊松比 强风化灰岩 23.0 45.0 700 0.30 中风化灰岩 28.0 50.0 2 000 0.16
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