Investigation and Preventive Research of Mine Geological Environment in Northwest China
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摘要: 矿产资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础，具有资源与环境的双重属性。矿产资源开发与地质环境协调保护是实现金山银山保护绿水青山的重要途径。西北地区成矿地质条件良好，矿产资源的开发是区域经济社会发展的支柱性产业之一。但是西北地区干旱少雨，水资源短缺，生态环境脆弱，矿产资源开发与生态环境保护存在突出性、结构性矛盾。在保护生态环境的前提下开发矿产资源，成为实现矿业高质量、可持续发展的重要前提。笔者回顾了20年来，西北地区矿山地质环境调查评价、理论研究的探索，典型矿山环境调查评价、成果转化与应用等方面的成果，针对矿山生态环境保护方面存在的问题，提出了对策建议，旨在为生态脆弱区矿山地质环境调查、防治研究提供借鉴。Abstract: The development and utilization of mineral resources is an important material basis for economic and social development. The geological environment of mines has dual attributes of resources and environment. The coordinated protection of mineral resources development and geological environment is an important way to realize the protection of mountains and mountains. The development and utilization of important mineral resources for development is an important material basis for the sustainable development of human society. The metallogenic geological conditions in Northwest China are good, and the development of mineral resources has played a pivotal role in regional economic and social development. However, the northwest region is arid and less rainy, lacks water resources, and has a fragile ecological environment. There are prominent and structural contradictions between the development of mineral resources and the protection of the ecological environment. The development of invaluable assets under the premise of protecting lucid waters and lush mountains has become an important proposition for the high-quality and sustainable development of the mining industry. This paper reviews the theoretical research on the prevention and control of mine geological environment in Northwest China, exploration of survey and evaluation methods, typical survey results, transformation and application of results in the past 20 years, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the current problems in mine ecological protection. The study provides reference for the investigation and prevention of mine geological environment in ecologically fragile areas.
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