The coupling mechanism between geomorphology of shale sedimentary and differential enrichment of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation in Changning area
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摘要:
长宁地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩的发育过程存在空间非均质性，导致了高产能区域仅局限于个别构造单元区。通过长宁气田（地区）新获取的钻井等资料，结合龙马溪组沉积古地貌，探究不同地貌单元下的古生产力、氧化-还原环境，阐明地貌单元与页岩气富集的联系机制。结果表明：（1）长宁地区龙马溪组沉积古地貌呈现出多级隆洼相间格局，西南与东北部形成两大低幅隆起区，矿物组分空间变化所指示的物源方向与古地貌高度吻合。（2）相较于古沟谷区，古隆起区拥有更丰富的陆源营养物质供给和更高的古海洋生产力，有利于有机质优势富集，且古隆起区近物源的特性使其成为相对高石英含量的脆性区。但随着海平面降低，古隆起区的氧化作用相较于古沟谷区更强，并不利于有机质保存。（3）长宁地区龙马溪组孔隙度、TOC和含气量三者关系紧密，表明有机孔隙是优质页岩孔隙的重要组成。（4）与古沟谷区相比，古隆起区更有利于优质页岩中有机质的生烃和储存，同时也更便于后期的生产压裂。
Abstract:There are spatial heterogeneities in the development process of shale in Longmaxi Formation of Lower Silurian in Changning area, limiting high-productivity areas to specific structural units. Based on the newly obtained drilling data of Changning gas field (area), combined with the sedimentary paleogeomorphology of Longmaxi Formation, this paper explores the paleoproductivity and oxidation-reduction environment under different geomorphic units, and expounds the connection mechanism between geomorphic units and shale gas enrichment. The results show that :(1) The sedimentary palaeogeomorphology of Longmaxi Formation in Changning area presents a multi-level pattern of inter-uplift and depression, and two low amplitude uplifts are formed in the southwest and northeast. The provenance direction indicated by the spatial change of mineral composition is highly consistent with the palaeogeomorphology. (2) Compared with the ancient depression, the ancient uplift has more terrestrial nutrients and higher paleomarine productivity, which is conducive to the advantageous enrichment of organic matter. The near-source characteristic renders the ancient uplift a brittle area with relatively high quartz content. However, with the reduction of sea level, the oxidation of ancient uplift is stronger than that of ancient depression, which is not conducive to the preservation of organic matter. (3)The porosity, TOC (Total Organic Carbon content), and gas content of the Longmaxi Formation in Changning area are closely correlated, indicating that organic pores are important components of high-quality shale pores. (4) Compared to the ancient depression, the ancient uplift is more conducive to hydrocarbon generation and storage of high-quality shale organic matter, and it also facilitates later production fracturing.
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图 1 a. 上扬子地区早志留世沉积古地理简图（据聂海宽等，2017；Liu et al., 2020修改）；b. 长宁地区现今构造及地貌简图（据Liu et al., 2021修改）；c. 长宁地区龙一1亚段小层划分；d. NX15-NX16-NX17-NX11连井剖面（井位见图1b）
Figure 1.
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