Precambrian mineralization in Tanzania
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摘要: 坦桑尼亚境内出露大量新太古代、古元古代、中元古代、新元古代地质体，形成以坦桑尼亚太古代克拉通为中心，元古代活动带三面包围的前寒武纪构造格架。坦桑尼亚现有优势矿产多与前寒武纪地体的形成演化有关。其中与新太古代相关的矿产主要为绿岩相关的金矿，产于坦桑尼亚克拉通中，分布在坦桑尼亚北部维多利亚湖周边。与古元古代相关的矿产主要有造山型金矿，产于乌本迪造山带中，分布于坦桑尼业西南部卢帕及姆潘达地区；与古元代侵入岩相关的钒钛磁铁矿，产于乌本迪造山带中的古元古代基性侵入体中，分布于坦桑尼亚南部利甘加地区。与中元古代相关的矿产有基性超基性岩型镍（钴）矿，产于基巴拉造山带，分布于坦桑尼亚西北部与布隆迪接壤地区；有与中元古代碱性杂岩相关的稀土矿，产于乌本迪造山带的碳酸岩侵入体中，分布于坦桑尼亚姆贝亚西北恩瓜拉地区。与新元古有关的主要有石墨及坦桑蓝、红宝石等，产于莫桑比克造山带中，坦桑蓝主要分布于坦桑尼亚北部阿鲁沙附近，红宝石主要分布于坦桑尼亚中部莫罗戈洛附近，石墨主要分布于中部莫罗戈洛附近和南部靠近莫桑比克地区。Abstract: A large number of Precambrian geological rocks are exposed in Tanzania, with the age spectra ranging from Neoarchean, Paleoproterozoic, Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic.The Tanzania Craton forms the central part of Tanzania, it is surrounded by three Proterozoic mobile belts on three sides,including the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian Belt in the southwest and south, the Paleoproterozoic Usagaran Belt in the east and southeast, the Mesoproterozoic Kibaran Belt in the northeast and the Neoproterozoic Mozambique belt lies to the east of the Usagaran Belt.Gold is mainly related to both Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic rocks, of which the former occurs in the Tanzania Craton and is distributed around Lake Victoria in northern Tanzania, the latter occurs in the Ubundian Belt and is distributed in the Lupa and Mpanda areas of southern Tanzania; vanadium-titanium magnetite mineralization occurs in the Paleoproterozoic basic intrusions of the Ubendian Beltdistributed in the Liganga area of southern Tanzania.Nickel(cobalt)is related to Mesoproterozoic rocks, occurs in the Kibaran Belt and is distributed in the northwest border area; rare earth deposits occur in the carbonatite intrusions of the Ubundian Belt, distributed in the Ngualla area of southwest Mbeya, northwest Tanzania.Neoproterozoic minerals include graphite, tanzanite, ruby, etc., which are produced in the Mozambique Belt.Tanzanite is mainly distributed near Arusha in northern Tanzania, ruby is mainly distributed near Morogoro in central Tanzania.distributed mainly nearby Morogoro in the middle and near Mozambique in the south.
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Key words:
- Tanzania /
- precambrian /
- gold deposit /
- nickel deposit /
- Nyankanga gold deposit /
- Kabanga nickel deposit /
- New Luika gold deposit
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