APPLICATION OF SEISMIC DETECTING TECHNIQUE TO MARINE GAS HYDRATE SURVEY
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摘要: 天然气水合物具有能量密度高、分布广、埋深浅、成藏物化条件好、清洁环保等特点,是未来石油天然气的理想接替能源。我国海域深水广大地区具有天然气水合物形成所需的物源、温压及地质构造等成矿条件,资源前景广阔。地震检测技术是寻找海洋天然气水合物的行之有效方法,在世界各海域得到广泛应用并取得实效。我国通过多年的水合物勘查实践,研发了一套适合我国海洋天然气水合物的地震检测技术,包括水合物地震识别处理技术(保幅处理、子波零相位化、精细速度分析等)和地震属性提取技术(AVO反演及定量模拟检测、波阻抗反演、相干体检测、稳定带顶底面检测等)。运用上述技术已发现南海北部陆坡天然气水合物存在的似海底反射层(Bottom Simulating Reflector,BSR)、空白带(Blank Zone,BZ)、速度倒转和极性反转(Reversal Polarity,RP)等地震异常标志,并依提取的地震属性优选目标,成功钻获天然气水合物实物样品,提高了水合物矿床预测的准确率。简要回顾国外海洋天然气水合物地震勘探技术现状,重点阐述国内海洋天然气水合物地震检测技术的发展及其应用效果。Abstract: Gas hydrate, popularly known as "flammable ice", is an ideal energy characterized by high energy density, wide distribution, shallow burial, simple forming condition and clean developing environment. It may become a new energy source to replace oil and gas in the future. There are favorable gas hydrate forming conditions in the deep water of the China Seas, such as the abundance of sources, combination of temperature and pressure and geo-structures, and thus there is great resource potential.The seismic detecting technique is an effective method in marine gas hydrate survey, which has been widely applied in many deep water areas in the world. China has recently developed by itself the seismic detecting techniques for marine gas hydrate survey, including the seismic identification and processing techniques (i.e. the real amplitude processing, zero-phasing of wavelet, precise velocity analysis etc.) and the seismic attribute distilling techniques (i.e. seismic AVO analysis and quantified simulation, wave impedance inversion, the coherent body detection, and calibration and identification of gas hydrate stability zones etc.)The seismic signs of gas hydrate such as Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR), Blank Zone (BZ), Velocity Inversion (VI) and Reversal Polarity (RP) have been found in the continental slope of northwestern South China Sea by using the seismic detecting techniques mentioned above. Based on the seismic anomalies, drilling testing has been made and gas hydrate samples have been successfully obtained in the region. This paper focuses on the current status of development and application of seismic exploration technology for marine gas hydrates survey in China, with a brief introduction to the status overseas.
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Key words:
- Ocean /
- gas hydrate /
- BSR /
- seismic detecting technique
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