RESERVOIRS IN THE MAJOR OIL-GAS-BEARING DEEPWATER BASINS OF THE WORLD AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
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摘要: 世界深水盆地油气资源丰富,良好的储层是形成较大油气藏的必要条件。以大量调研资料为基础,对大西洋区域的墨西哥湾、巴西东部边缘、非洲西海岸、挪威中部陆架及新特提斯区域的澳大利亚西北陆架、中国南海、孟加拉湾、地中海(尼罗河三角洲)8个地区的24个深水含油气盆地储层特征进行了综合分析,归纳总结了这些深水含油气盆地中主力储层的形成时代、构造背景、沉积环境等特征,探讨了其分布规律。结果表明,世界深水含油气盆地主力储层集中在白垩纪及古近纪,大西洋区域深水盆地主力储层呈"北早南晚"的特点,新特提斯区域深水盆地呈"古近纪为主"的特点;漂移期储层占绝对优势,大西洋深水盆地群主力储层有"北裂南漂"的特点,新特提斯区域深水盆地主力储层多集中在漂移期;沉积相以深海浊积砂岩和河流-三角洲砂岩为主,大西洋区域深水盆地主力储层呈"北部滨浅海相、南部深海相"的分布格局,而新特提斯区域深水盆地以"河流-三角洲-滨浅海相"为主。Abstract: A large quantity of oil and gas resources is reserved in the offshore deepwater basins of the world. The occurrence of high quality reservoirs is the necessary condition for forming large hydrocarbon accumulations. A comprehensive study of 24 key deepwater oil-gas-bearing basins of the world, mainly from the Atlantic deepwater and the Neotethyan domain was carried out by the authors, including those in the Gulf of Mexico, eastern Brazilian continental margin, West African passive continental margin, Mid-Norway continental shelf, Northwest Shelf of Australia, South China Sea, Bay of Bengal, and the Mediterranean (Nile Delta). Forming ages, tectonic settings, and depositional environments of the main reservoirs were summarized, and the distribution patterns discussed. Results show that the main reservoirs of the deepwater oil-gas-bearing basins in the world were formed in the time of Cretaceous and Peleogene. The age of main reservoirs in the Atlantic deepwater basins show a distribution pattern of older in the north and younger in the south, whereas the main reservoirs in the Neotethyan deepwater basins are dominanted by the Peleogene. Most of the reservoirs were formed in the drifting stage. In the Atlantic deepwater basins, the main reservoirs are characterized by rifting in the north, and drifting in the south, and the main reservoirs in the Neothetyan deepwater basins were mainly formed in the drifting stage. As far as the sedimentary environment is considered, the main reservoirs in the deepwater basins are dominanted by abyssal turbidite and fluvial-deltaic sandstones. In the Atlantic deepwater basins, the distribution pattern of main reservoirs shows a trend with the littoral-neritic facies in the north, and abyssal facies in the south, while the main reservoirs in the deepwater basins in the Neotethyan domain is characterized by fluvial-delta-littoral-neritic facies.
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Key words:
- deep water basin /
- Atlantic offshore /
- Neotethyan offshore /
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