UNCONFORMITIES IN THE BEIBUWAN BASIN AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR TECTONIC EVOLUTION
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摘要: 新生代北部湾盆地位于华南陆块西南缘,自形成以来发育多期沉积间断和不整合面。研究了该盆地内不整合面的特征和分布规律,按照影响的构造单元范围划分了3级不整合;根据形成时期与盆地裂解阶段关系,厘定了3种主要不整合类型:裂谷期裂解不整合、断-坳转换不整合、反转期角度不整合。基底不整合面是盆地初始张扭裂陷的记录,为一级不整合,属裂谷期裂解不整合性质,区域上与太平洋板块的俯冲速率骤降有关。涠洲组底部不整合面为珠琼运动导致的裂谷期二级不整合性质,区域上与印度板块的汇聚及太平洋板块俯冲变向有关。下洋组底部不整合面是盆地构造体制发生断坳转换的界面,为二级不整合,而区域上对应的事件为南海海盆的持续张开。灯楼角组底部不整合面是盆地发育晚期构造反转的产物,为三级不整合,属反转期角度不整合性质,区域上与印-澳板块的作用有关,而与晚期菲律宾海板块挤压关系不大。北部湾盆地不整合面的形成与华南陆缘裂解和多级多期张扭或压扭活动密切相关,华南陆缘发生强烈的走滑活动与区域板块格局的巨大调整有关。Abstract: The Cenozoic Beibuwan Basin is located in the southwest margin of the South China Block. Many depositional breaks and unconformities have been found in the Cenozoic sequence. The characteristics and distribution pattern of these conformities are described in details in this paper. According to their scale and behaviors, these unconformities can be divided into three orders. And based on ages and their relationship with the rifting stages of the basin, there are three main types of unconformities, i.e. rifting phase unconformity, rifting-depression phase unconformity and inversion phase angular unconformity. The basal unconformity of the basin recorded the initial rifting event of the basin. Being the first-order unconformity, it formed in the rifting phase, and was in conjunction with the sudden decrease in the subduction rate of the Pacific Plate. The unconformity beneath the Weizhou Formation was interpreted in this paper as a rifting phase third-order unconformity formed by the Zhuqiong Movement. It is regionally associated with the collision of the Indian Plate to the Eurasian Plate and the turn of the subduction direction of the Pacific Plate. The unconformity at the bottom of the Xiayang Formation is the transitional interface of the basin structural systes. As a second-order unconformity, it corresponds to the continuous opening of the South China Sea Basin. The unconformity at the bottom of the Dengloujiao Formation is considered as the result of the tectonic inversion of the basin in the later stage. It is a third-order angular unconformity formed in the inversion phase. From a regional point of view, it is related to the Indian-Australian Plate, rather than the subduction of the Philippine Sea Basin. It is concluded that the formation of unconformities is closely related to the rifting of the South China continental margin and the multiple-order and multiple-phase transtension or transpression. It is believed that the intensively strike-slip faulting along the South China continental margin is the result from the reorganization of the regional plate tectonic pattern.
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Key words:
- unconformities /
- tectonic evolution /
- South China continental margin /
- the Beibuwan Basin
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