摘要:
随着锑资源的不断枯竭,锑作为国家宝贵的战略资源,锑的回收处理必须得到重视,含锑物料的高效利用是当前的首要,而处理含锑物料的关键就是将锑或其化合物从物料中提出来.本文针对几种典型的含锑物料,分别介绍了湿法分离提取锑的方法.将大量科研人员的成果进行综述,总结出含锑物料的浸出一般是碱性浸出为主,碱性条件下锑容易发生氧化反应,常结合氧化剂将Sb3+氧化成Sb5+,并指出加压能够提高锑的浸出率,在碱性溶液中加入Na2S,锑将生成焦锑酸钠沉淀达到回收锑的目的.通过各种含锑物料的分离提取锑的方法,总结出湿法处理含提物料具有锑回收率高,锑与其它物质易分离,对环境较友好,成本低廉,设备要求不高.含锑物料常伴有其他有价金属:砷、铋、铅、金、银、铜、铁等,这些金属以浸出渣或浸出液得到回收,不仅能达到的锑的回收,同时将其他有价金属综合回收利用.含锑物料的湿法处理将会逐步取代火法,湿法处理含锑物料越来越受到重视.
Abstract:
With the continuous depletion of antimony resources,antimony is a valuable strategic resource for a country.Antimony recovery must be paid attention to,and the efficient using of antimony material is the first,and dealing with this materials is the key to recovery antimony or its compounds from them.This paper introduced several methods for the separation of antimony by hydrometallurgy with typical material containing Sb.A large number of research results were reviewed,summarizing material leaching of antimony is generally alkaline leaching.Oxidation is easy to occur under alkaline conditions,which often combined with oxidant Sb3+oxidation into Sb5+.It is pointed out that the pressure can improve the leaching rate of antimony.When Na2S is added into the alkaline solution,antimony can be precipitated to form sodium antimony to recover antimony.By processing for the separation and extraction of antimony from antimony containing materials,it is concluded that the wet treatment of the material containing antimony has the advantages of high recovery rate,easy separation of antimony and other materials,friendly environment,low cost and low equipment requirements.Antimony containing materials are often associated with other valuable metals:arsenic,bismuth,lead,gold,silver,copper,iron,etc..These metals are recovered by leaching residue or leaching solution,which can not only achieve the recovery of antimony,but also other valuable metals.The wet treatment of antimony containing materials will gradually replace the fire method,and more and more attention has been paid to the wet treatment of antimony containing materials.
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