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摘要:
钼尾矿作为全球开采钼矿产资源产生的固体废弃物之一，将其替代混凝土细骨料或水泥既可解决环境污染，还可弥补天然砂资源短缺的现状，是钼尾矿最经济、最环保的资源化利用方式之一，符合绿色可持续发展的战略要求。本文综述了钼尾矿在混凝土中应用的研究进展，分析了钼尾矿的理化特性，探讨了钼尾矿混凝土的工作性能、力学性能及耐久性能，提出了钼尾矿在混凝土应用中现存的主要问题。以期为实现钼尾矿在混凝土中的广泛应用打下基础。
Abstract:Molybdenum tailings, as one of the solid wastes which are produced by the exploitation of molybdenum mineral resources in the world, can not only solve the environmental pollution, but also make up for the shortage of natural sand resources by replacing concrete fine aggregate or cement with molybdenum tailings. It is one of the most economically and environmentally friendly resource utilization method of molybdenum tailings, due to it can able to meet the strategic requirements of green and sustainable development. In this paper, the research progress of application of molybdenum tailings in concrete is summarized. Firstly, the physical and chemical properties of molybdenum tailings are analyzed, and secondly, the working performance, mechanical performance and durability performance of molybdenum tailings concrete are discussed, finally the main problems existing in application of molybdenum tailings in concrete are suggested. This work is expected to be useful for the wide application of molybdenum tailings in concrete.
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Key words:
- Molybdenum tailings /
- Aggregate /
- Cement /
- Concrete /
- Workability /
- Mechanical properties /
- Durability
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表 1 钼尾矿砂与天然砂的主要化学成分/% [16,18,25-27]
Table 1. Main chemical composition of molybdenum tailing sand and natural sand[16,18,25-27]
SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MgO CaO Na2O K2O TiO2 P2O5 MnO SO3 烧失量 钼尾矿 44.85~72.38 3.48~9.12 9.19~15.57 1.08~6.57 2.25~19.71 0.27~1.77 1.06~1.93 1.06~5.89 0.13~0.65 0.22~7.36 0.04~5.00 1.10~2.56 天然砂 71.34 8.89 5.73 1.16 5.49 1.56 1.66 - - - - - 
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表 2 1 m3的钼尾矿混凝土配合比[12]
Table 2. Concrete mix ratio of 1 m3
混凝土
强度
等级替代率/
%混合比例/（kg·m-3） 42.5R级
配水泥水 天然石灰
岩砾石天然砂 钼尾矿 增塑剂 C40 0 476 200 1155 569 0 0 25 476 200 1155 427 142 0 50 476 200 1155 285 284 0 100 476 200 1155 0 569 0 C50 0 550 170 1245 484 0 5.5 25 550 170 1245 363 121 5.5 50 550 170 1245 242 242 5.5 100 550 170 1245 0 484 5.5
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表 3 1 m3的钼尾矿混凝土配合比[13]
Table 3. Concrete mix ratio of 1 m3
混凝土
强度等级砂率/% 水灰比 混合比例/（kg·m-3） 水泥 水 石子 天然砂 钼尾矿 减水剂 C40 0.38 0.39 435 170 1113 682 0 4.0 0.38 0.39 435 170 1113 546 136 4.35 0.38 0.39 435 170 1113 477 205 4.35 0.38 0.39 435 170 1113 409 273 4.35 0.38 0.39 435 170 1113 341 341 4.35
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