秦岭地区大桥金矿金的赋存状态及难选性因素探讨

常静; 石磊; 李玺; 钟财丽; 王艳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.03.030

秦岭地区大桥金矿金的赋存状态及难选性因素探讨

四川西冶检测科技有限公司（四川省冶金地质勘查院），四川　成都　610000

详细信息

作者简介: 常静（1991-），女，硕士，工程师，主要从事矿产综合利用及工艺矿物学研究工作

通讯作者: 石磊（1984-），男，硕士，选矿高级工程师，主要从事矿产资源综合利用及选冶实验研究。

中图分类号: TD982

收稿日期: 2022-05-05

刊出日期: 2023-06-25

Discussion on the Occurrence State and Refractory Factors of Gold in Daqiao Gold Deposit, Qinling Area

Sichuan Xi Ye Testing Technology Co., Ltd(SIMGE), Chengdu, Sichuan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Shi Lei, 270230959@qq.com

Received Date: 05 May 2022

Publish Date: 25 June 2023

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇工艺矿物学领域的论文。大桥金矿为秦岭地区发现的超大型金矿，但在开采原生矿过程中发现，采用传统选矿工艺进行选矿，金的回收率极低，确定其为难选性矿床，本文旨在探究矿床内金的赋存状态及难选性因素。通过显微镜下鉴定、扫描电镜（SEM）、电子探针（EPMA）及化学分析等，结合选矿实验，发现金主要以自然金、银金矿形式存在于硅质角砾岩中。金和载金矿物粒度均极为细小，使得在选矿过程中，在研磨粒度极细的情况下，两者仍不能高程度完全解离，成为了制约矿床可选性的主要原因，另见该矿含较多碳质存在，成为了制约矿床可选性的另一原因。
- 工艺矿物学 /
- 大桥金矿 /
- 自然金 /
- 赋存状态 /
- 难选性因素
Abstract:
This is a paper in the field of process mineralogy. Daqiao gold mine is a super-large gold mine discovered in the Qinling region,but in the process of mining primary ore, it is found that the recovery rate of gold is very low by using the traditional beneficiation process, so the refractory pre-deposit is determined, this paper aims to investigate the occurrence state and refractory factors of gold in the deposit. Through microscopic identification, SEM, EPMA, and chemical analysis, combined with mineral processing tests, it is found that gold mainly exists in siliceous breccia in the form of natural gold and silver gold. The granularity of gold and gold-bearing minerals is very small, so that in the process of beneficiation,the sandal can not be dissociated to a high degree under the condition of very fine grinding granularity, which is the main reason that restricts the beneficiability of the ore deposit, it is also found that the ore contains more carbon, which is another reason restricting the ore beneficiability.
- Mineralogy /
- Daqiao gold mine /
- Natural gold /
- Existential state /
- Selectivity factor

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图 1 矿石组构特征

Figure 1.

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图 2 电子探针（EPMA）打点位置

Figure 2.

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图 3 焙烧-浸出细度实验结果

Figure 3.

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表 1 X射线衍射分析（XRD）结果/%

Table 1. X-ray diffraction analysis results

样号	伊利石	高岭石	石膏	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	黄铁矿	其他
Au	1.9	3.5	1.8	81.5	0.6	0.7	0.3	4.5	5.2

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表 2 扫描电镜（SEM）能谱成分分析结果/%

Table 2. SEM analysis results

序号	矿物名称	S	Fe	As	Cu	Zn	Pb	Au	Ag	Si	O	Se	Hg	C
1	黄铁矿	56.27	43.73	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2	黄铁矿（环带）	55.28	43.48	1.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
3	黄铁矿	54.64	41.86	3.50	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
4	黄铁矿（环带）	55.91	42.89	0.63	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
5	黄铁矿	57.87	42.13	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
6	白铁矿	56.77	43.23	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
7	白铁矿（环带）	49.66	37.70	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
8	白铁矿	56.41	43.59	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.43	12.21	—	—	—
9	自然金	—	—	—	4.51	—	—	45.38	6.13	12.42	31.30	—	—	—
10	石英	—	0.60	—	—	—	—	—	—	55.19	58.31	—	—	—
11	方铅矿	6.36	—	—	—	—	27.29	—	3.76	7.84	53.68	—	—	—
12	闪锌矿	41.60	6.41	—	—	52.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
13	硒汞矿	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	24.15	75.85	—
14	碳质物	0.80	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	4.38	—	—	94.82
15	黄铜矿	49.84	27.21	—	22.95	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
注：“—”为未检出元素项

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表 3 矿石化学多元素分析结果/%

Table 3. Results of chemical analysis

Au*	Ag*	S	TC	有机碳	Cu	Pb
3.60	0.92	3.89	0.41	0.13	0.0014	0.0028

Zn	As	Sb	TFe	Co	Mo	WO₃
0.0072	0.087	0.015	4.32	0.0006	0.001	0.0006

Hg*	SiO₂	Na₂O	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O
94.6	83.43	0.04	2.56	0.74	0.18	0.35
注：“*”单位为 g/t

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表 4 金物相分析结果/

Table 4. Analysis results of gold phase

名称	含量/%	分布率/%
自然金和连生体金	0.898	25.03
硫化物包裹金	1.39	38.74
硅酸盐包裹金	1.30	36.23
合计	3.588	100.00

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表 5 电子探针（EPMA）波谱分析结果/%

Table 5. EPMA analysis results

序号	矿物名称	Fe	S	As	Zn	Au	Ag	Co	Cd	Total
1	环带状黄铁矿（环带外）	44.485	52.439	2.533	—	0.007	0.014	0.058	—	99.536
2	环带状黄铁矿（环带内）	45.532	54.031	0.486	—	—	0.017	0.068	—	100.134
3	环带状黄铁矿（环带外）	44.734	52.542	0.448	—	—	0.014	0.091	—	97.828
4	环带状黄铁矿（环带外）	45.329	53.149	1.262	—	0.094	—	0.041	—	99.876
5	环带状黄铁矿（环带内）	43.923	52.34	2.171	—	0.055	0.016	0.104	—	98.609
6	白铁矿	46.15	52.59	0.562	—	0.025	—	0.072	—	99.398
7	白铁矿	45.599	52.86	0.18	—	—	—	0.038	—	98.677
8	环带状黄铁矿（环带外）	44.516	52.229	1.587	—	0.043	0.017	0.063	—	98.456
9	环带状黄铁矿（环带内）	44.518	52.015	2.13	—	—	0.012	0.071	—	98.745
10	闪锌矿	0.093	32.614	—	66.801	—	—	—	0.094	99.602
注：“—”为未检出元素项

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表 6 原矿筛分分析

Table 6. Raw ore screening analysis

粒级/mm	+1	-1+0.355	-0.355+0.18	-0.18+0.125	-0.125+0.09	-0.09+0.075	-0.075+0.045	-0.045	合计
产率/%	30.00	40.84	10.96	3.27	1.30	2.97	7.63	3.03	100.00
Au品位/（g·t^-1）	3.16	3.02	3.36	2.62	2.67	3.52	3.18	5.40	3.18
Au分布率/%	29.80	38.78	11.58	2.69	1.09	3.29	7.63	5.14	100.00

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表 7 浸渣再磨焙烧-浸出细度实验结果

Table 7. Results of fineness of leached slag by regrinding roasting-leaching

序号	产品名称	作业产率/%	金品位/（g·t^-1）	Au浸出率/%
序号	产品名称	作业产率/%	金品位/（g·t^-1）	对作业	对原矿
浸渣-1	焙烧渣	97.58	0.71	49.30	9.50
	浸渣	97.58	0.36
	原矿	100.00	0.69
浸渣-2	焙烧渣	97.58	0.71	42.25	8.14
	浸渣	97.58	0.41
	原矿	100.00	0.71
平均				45.78	8.82

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