盐酸浸出铈基稀土抛光粉废料的反应热力学分析

董硕; 张邦文; 赵瑞超; 布林朝克; 刘芳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.05.011

盐酸浸出铈基稀土抛光粉废料的反应热力学分析

1.
内蒙古科技大学分析测试中心，内蒙古　包头　014010

2.
内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院，内蒙古　包头　014010

3.
内蒙古金彩矿业有限公司，内蒙古　呼和浩特　010010

基金项目: 内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金项目（KCBJ2018032）；内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2020MS05048）；内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2022FX08）

详细信息

作者简介: 董硕（1998-），男，硕士，研究方向为难选矿石及固体废弃物的综合利用

通讯作者: 赵瑞超（1980-），男，博士，讲师，研究方向为难选矿石及固体废弃物的综合利用

中图分类号: TD989

收稿日期: 2022-04-07

刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Thermodynamics Analysis on Hydrochloric Acid Leaching for Waste Ceria-Based Rare Earth Polishing Powder

1.
Instrumental Analysis Center, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China

2.
Materials and Metallurgy School, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China

3.
Inner Mongolia Jincai Mining Co., Ltd, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Zhao Ruichao, wszrc7@126.com

Received Date: 07 April 2022

Publish Date: 25 October 2023

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇冶金工程领域的论文。采用反应热力学方法研究盐酸浸出铈基稀土抛光粉废料的浸出反应，主要考虑浸出温度和盐酸浓度两个影响反应热力学参数，结合盐酸浸出实验结果和浸出反应的Gibbs自由能理论计算，结果发现：抛光粉废料中的CeO₂不与盐酸反应，La₂O₃能很容易被盐酸浸出溶解，实验结果和反应的Gibbs自由能理论计算相一致。然而，盐酸浸出抛光粉废料中的Al₂O₃，实验结果与理论分析完全相反，盐酸与Al₂O₃的反应Gibbs自由能大于零，理论上盐酸不能浸出该废料中的Al₂O₃，但实验结果表明Al₂O₃ 的浸出率高于91%。这与废料中的Al₂O₃是反应活性高的非晶质的，而反应Gibbs自由能计算中采用稳定的Al₂O₃晶体结构（刚玉）的热力学参数所致。
- 冶金工程 /
- 铈基稀土抛光粉废料 /
- 盐酸浸出 /
- 反应热力学 /
- 浸出率
Abstract:
This is an essay in the field of metallurgical engineering. Thermodynamics of the reaction, hydrochloric acid leaching for waste ceria-based rare earth polishing powder, was studied in this work.The influences on the leaching rate of the waste polishing powder was respectively considered including hydrochloric acid concentration and leaching temperature in the experiment. The result of the Gibbs free energy of leaching reaction and leaching experiment showed, thermodynamics theoretical analysis was consistent with experiment date for CeO₂ and La₂O₃. CeO₂ could not be immersed in dissolution, and La₂O₃ was easy to get leached. However, the experiment result was quite opposite of theoretical thermodynamics calculation for Al₂O₃. The Gibbs free energy of leaching reaction for Al₂O₃ were always a positive value, and Al₂O₃ from the waste polishing powder couldn’t be immersed by hydrochloric acid, but experiment result indicated that the Al₂O₃ leaching rate can be stabilized above 91%. Amorphous forms Al₂O₃ had high reactive activity in the waste, but the thermodynamic parameter of inert Al₂O₃ crystal structure (corundum) was adopted in the Gibbs free energy calculation.
- Metallurgical engineering /
- Waste ceria-based rare earth polishing powder /
- Hydrochloric acid leaching /
- Thermodynamics of the reaction /
- Leaching rate

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图 1 抛光粉废料的XRD

Figure 1.

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图 2 浸出温度对 CeO₂浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 2.

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图 3 浸出温度对 La₂O₃浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 浸出温度对 Al₂O₃浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 盐酸浓度对 CeO₂浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 5.

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图 7 盐酸浓度对Al₂O₃浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 7.

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图 6 盐酸浓度对La₂O₃ 浸出率和反应自由能的影响

Figure 6.

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表 1 抛光粉废料的化学成分/%

Table 1. Chemical compositions of waste polishing power

CeO₂	La₃O₂	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	F	CaO	Fe₂O₃	Pr₆O₁₁	Nd₂O₃
53.36	19.07	18.52	7.68	4.7	1.77	1.03	0.88	0.13

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表 2 物质的热力学数据^[11]

Table 2. Thermodynamic parameters of substance

物质名称	化学式	/ (kJ/mol)	/ (kJ/mol)	/ (J/(K·mol))	/ (kJ/(K·mol))
盐酸	HCl（l）	-167.44	-131.17	55.10
氧化铈	CeO₂(s)	-1088.7	-1024.6	62.3	61.6
氧化镧	La₂O₃(s)	-1793.7	-1705.8	127.3	108.8
氧化铝	Al₂O₃(s)	-1675.7	-1582.3	50.9	79
氯化铈	CeCl₃(aq)	-1053.5	-977.8	151.0	87.4
氯化镧	LaCl₃(aq)	-1071.1	1028.99		108.8
氯化铝	AlCl₃(aq)	-704.2	-628.8	110.7	91.8
水	H₂O(aq)	-285.8	-237.1	70.0	75.3
氧气	O₂(g)	0	0	205.2	29.4

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参考文献(11)

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盐酸浸出铈基稀土抛光粉废料的反应热力学分析

1. 内蒙古科技大学分析测试中心，内蒙古 包头 014010 2. 内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院，内蒙古 包头 014010 3. 内蒙古金彩矿业有限公司，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010

作者简介: 董硕（1998-），男，硕士，研究方向为难选矿石及固体废弃物的综合利用

通讯作者: 赵瑞超（1980-），男，博士，讲师，研究方向为难选矿石及固体废弃物的综合利用

Thermodynamics Analysis on Hydrochloric Acid Leaching for Waste Ceria-Based Rare Earth Polishing Powder

Corresponding author: Zhao Ruichao, wszrc7@126.com

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目录

1.
内蒙古科技大学分析测试中心，内蒙古　包头　014010

2.
内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院，内蒙古　包头　014010

3.
内蒙古金彩矿业有限公司，内蒙古　呼和浩特　010010